java解析XML文件的方式

book.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bookstore>
    <book id="1">
        <name>冰与火之歌</name>
        <author>乔治马丁</author>
        <year>2014</year>
        <price>89</price>
    </book>
    <book id="2">
        <name>安徒生童话</name>
        <year>2004</year>
        <price>77</price>
        <language>English</language>
    </book>    
</bookstore>

1.DOM解析方式

package domparse;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class DomParse {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException {
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse("book.xml");
		NodeList bookList = document.getElementsByTagName("book");
		System.out.println("共有多少本书" + bookList.getLength()+"本");
		for(int i = 0;i<bookList.getLength();i++){
			Node book = bookList.item(i);
			NamedNodeMap attrs = book.getAttributes();
			System.out.println("第"+(i+1)+"本书共有"+attrs.getLength()+"属性");
			for(int j = 0;j<attrs.getLength();j++){
				System.out.println("属性名："+attrs.item(j).getNodeName()+" 属性值："+attrs.item(j).getNodeValue());
			}
			NodeList childList = book.getChildNodes();
			for(int x = 0; x<childList.getLength();x++){
				  if (childList.item(x).getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {//第一个ID不是
                      System.out.print("第" +x+ "个子节点的节点名：" 
                      + childList.item(x).getNodeName());
                      //获取了element类型节点的节点值
                      System.out.println("--节点值是：" + childList.item(x).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
				  }
			}
		}
	}

}

将xml文件抽象成一个dom树，进行节点的访问。