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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-01 17:13:40 发布

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分类专栏： ________Android 进阶文章标签： android android开发网络 relativelayout webview

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/StromMaybin/article/details/52404829

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/**
*@author StormMaybin
*@Date 2016-09-1
*/

生命不息，奋斗不止！

WebView

对于，WebView 顾名思义，就是显示各种各样的网页的控件，用法也相当简单！

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.stormmaybin.webviewtest.MainActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <WebView
            android:id="@+id/webView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity

package com.stormmaybin.webviewtest;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.webkit.WebViewClient;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{

    private WebView webView = null;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //初始化控件
        initView();
        //设置webView支持js脚本
        webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient()
        {
            @Override
            public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading (WebView view, String url)
            {
                //根据传入的参数加载新的网页
                view.loadUrl(url);
                //表示当前webView可以处理打开新网页的请求，不用借助系统浏览器
                return true;
            }
        });
        webView.loadUrl("http://www.baidu.com");
    }
    public void initView ()
    {
        webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);
    }
}

别往了申明访问网络权限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

这样一个WebView的例子就写好了
这里写图片描述

使用Http协议访问网络（HttpURLConnection）

Android 上发送HTTP请求方式一般有两种，HttpURLConnection和HttpClient，对于HttpURLConnection:

首先要获得一个HttpURLConnection的实例。

HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL("url").openConnection();

这样就得到一个HttpURLConnection对象，接下来要设置HTTP请求的所使用的方法，方法有两个：”GET”和”POST”，GET表示希望从服务器端获得数据，POST表示往服务器端发送数据！
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
除此之外，还有两个比较常用的HttpURLConnection方法，setConnectionTimeOut()连接超时设置和setReadTimeOut()读取超时，参数都是毫秒数。getInputStream()是获得服务器返回的输入流，disconnect()是关闭连接！

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.stormmaybin.httpurlconnectiontest.MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/send_request"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Send Request"
            />
        <ScrollView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent">
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/response"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
        </ScrollView>
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity

package com.stormmaybin.httpurlconnectiontest;

import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.view.menu.ExpandedMenuView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener
{

    public static final int SHOW_RESPONSE = 0;
    private Button sendRequest = null;
    private TextView responseText = null;
    private Handler handler = new Handler()
    {
        public void handleMessage(Message msg)
        {
            switch (msg.what)
            {
                case SHOW_RESPONSE:
                    String response = (String)msg.obj;
                    //修改UI
                    responseText.setText(response);
            }
        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //初始化控件对象
        initView();
        //设置Button监听事件
        sendRequest.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    public void initView ()
    {
        sendRequest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_request);
        responseText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response);
    }
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v)
    {
        if (v.getId() == R.id.send_request)
        {
            sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection();
        }
    }

    private void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection()
    {
        //开启线程发起网络请求
        new Thread(new Runnable()
        {
            @Override
            public void run()
            {
                HttpURLConnection connection = null;
                try
                {
                    URL url = new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
                    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    //一通设置
                    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
                    connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
                    //获取发武器返回的输入流
                    InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
                    /**
                     *  开始对获取到的服务器输入流进行读取
                     */
                    BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
                    StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
                    String line;
                    while ((line = bufr.readLine() )!= null)
                    {
                        response.append(line);
                    }

                    Message msg = new Message();
                    msg.what = SHOW_RESPONSE;
                    //将服务器返回的结果存到Msg中
                    msg.obj = response.toString();
                    //发送消息
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                }
                catch (MalformedURLException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                finally
                {
                    //关闭资源
                    if (connection != null)
                    {
                        connection.disconnect();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

权限申明

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

这里写图片描述

使用Http协议访问网络（HttpClient）

HttpClient 是Apache 提供的一个HTTP网络访问接口，首先我们先要得到一个DefaultHttpClient 实例

HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultClient();

如果要发送一条GET请求，创建一个HttpGet对象，并传入目标的网络地址，然后调用HttpClient 的execute()方法

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet ("http://www.baidu.com");
httpClient.execute(httpGet);

发起一条POST

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.baidu.com");
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username","StormMa"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password","123456"));
UrlEncodeFormEnity enity = new UrlEncodeFormEnity(params, "utf-8");
httpPost.setEnity(enity);
httpClient.execute(httpPost);

执行完execute()方法之后会返回一个HttpResponse对象，这个对象包括了服务器返回的所有信息，如果状态码等于200说明请求响应成功了！

if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode == 200)

调用getEnity()方法获得一个HttpEnity对象，然后调用EnityUtils.toString()这个静态方法可以把HttpEnity转换成字符串

HttpEnity enity = httpResponse.getEnity();
//utf-8是为了返回中文不产生乱码
String response = EnityUtils.toString (enity, "utf-8");

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.stormmaybin.httpclienttest.MainActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/send_request"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Send Request"
            />
        <ScrollView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent">
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/response"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
        </ScrollView>
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity

package com.stormmaybin.httpurlconnectiontest;

import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.view.menu.ExpandedMenuView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener
{

    public static final int SHOW_RESPONSE = 0;
    private Button sendRequest = null;
    private TextView responseText = null;
    private Handler handler = new Handler()
    {
        public void handleMessage(Message msg)
        {
            switch (msg.what)
            {
                case SHOW_RESPONSE:
                    String response = (String)msg.obj;
                    //修改UI
                    responseText.setText(response);
            }
        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //初始化控件对象
        initView();
        //设置Button监听事件
        sendRequest.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    public void initView ()
    {
        sendRequest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_request);
        responseText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response);
    }
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v)
    {
        if (v.getId() == R.id.send_request)
        {
            sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection();
        }
    }

    private void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection()
    {
        //开启线程发起网络请求
        new Thread(new Runnable()
        {
            @Override
            public void run()
            {
                HttpURLConnection connection = null;
                try
                {
                    URL url = new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
                    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    //一通设置
                    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
                    connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
                    //获取发武器返回的输入流
                    InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
                    /**
                     *  开始对获取到的服务器输入流进行读取
                     */
                    BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
                    StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
                    String line;
                    while ((line = bufr.readLine() )!= null)
                    {
                        response.append(line);
                    }

                    Message msg = new Message();
                    msg.what = SHOW_RESPONSE;
                    //将服务器返回的结果存到Msg中
                    msg.obj = response.toString();
                    //发送消息
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                }
                catch (MalformedURLException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                finally
                {
                    //关闭资源
                    if (connection != null)
                    {
                        connection.disconnect();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

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Android开发之网络部分

/***@author StormMaybin*@Date 2016-09-1*/ 生命不息，奋斗不止！WebView 对于，WebView 顾名思义，就是显示各种各样的网页的控件，用法也相当简单！布局文件<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schema
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