SpringMVC

一、知识点和用法案例

概念:
模型、视图、控制器组成，一种设计模式
作用:
解耦，便于开发和维护。
和Struts2区别:
机制不同，一个是Servlet，一个是Filter
拦截不同，一个是方法级，一个是类级别
一个配置更容易，一个配置更多

执行步骤:
1）导入SpringMVC依赖
2）Spring配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hp.mvc"></context:component-scan>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--http://localhost:8080/mvc/index.jsp 找到/WEB-INF/pages/index.jsp-->
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--配置拦截器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--配置拦截的URL请求路径 /**代表所有请求-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <!--配置不拦截的请求路径-->
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/**/login"/>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/**/*.css"/>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/**/*.js"/>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/**/*.png"/>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/**/*.jpg"/>
            <!--配置class-->
            <bean class="com.hp.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

    <!--配置静态资源的处理servlet-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--配置注解驱动-->
    <!--注册类型转换器-->
    <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <list>
                <bean class="com.hp.mvc.StudentConverter"/>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/>
</beans>

3） web.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!--配置核心控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!--springmvc的配置文件路径-->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--启动顺序-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <!--处理所有资源-->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!--编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

4） 控制器

package com.hp.mvc;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;


@Controller
@RequestMapping("user")
public class userController {
    //方式一 通过参数名获得参数值
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public String login1(String username, String password,
                         Model model, HttpSession session){
        System.out.println(username+"------"+password);
        if ("zhangsan".equals(username)&&"123".equals(password)){
            session.setAttribute("username",username);
            //直接写页面的url,直接返回页面
            /*return "successful";*/
            //使用重定向,跳转到successful的方法
            return "redirect:/mvc/success";
        }
        //保存数据
        model.addAttribute("msg","账户或密码错误");
       /* return "login";*/
        //使用请求转发,跳转到login的方法
        return "forward:/mvc/login";
    }
    //方式二 通过@RequestParam配置参数  @RequestParam(value = "表单的name",required=
    // 是否必须,defaultValue=默认值)
   /* @PostMapping("/login")
    public String login2(@RequestParam("username") String name,
    @RequestParam("password") String pwd,
    @RequestParam(value="code",required=false,defaultValue="no code")){
        System.out.println(name+"------"+pwd+"-----"+code);
        if ("zhangsan".equals(name)&&"123".equals(pwd)){
            return "successful";
        }
        return "login";
    }*/
    //方式三
    /*@PostMapping("/login")
    public String login3(User user){
        System.out.println(user.getUsername()+"------"+user.getPassword());
        if ("zhangsan".equals(user.getUsername())&&"123".equals(user.getPassword())){
            return "successful";
        }
        return "login";
    }*/
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/ajax")
    public List<User> ajax(@RequestBody User user){
        System.out.println("收到了JSON对象:"+user);
        //返回JSON集合给ajax
        List<User> users= Arrays.asList(new User("user-1","123"),
                new User("user-2","123"),
                new User("user-3","123"));
        return users;
    }
}

SpringMVC的执行流程:

总结

以上就是MVC的所有知识点和用法。