iOS动画和特效（二）UIKit力学行为

UIKit Dynamics是UIKit的动力交互体系，比如重力，铰链连接，碰撞，悬挂等物理效果，它将2D物理引擎引入了人UIKit，它能使原本的动画和交互效果更加符合物理规律，当然动画效果也更逼真。

 view添加重力效果

  UIView *aView = [UIView new];
    aView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    aView.frame = CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2, 100, 100, 100);
    
    [self.view addSubview:aView];
    
    UIDynamicAnimator *animator = [[UIDynamicAnimator alloc]initWithReferenceView:self.view];
    
    UIGravityBehavior *gravityBehavior = [[UIGravityBehavior alloc]initWithItems:@[aView]];
    
    [animator addBehavior:gravityBehavior];
    
    self.animator = animator;

UIKit Dynamics基础

为了实现动力行为UI，我们必须先了解四个对象

• UIDynamicItem：用来描述一个力学物体的状态，其实就是实现了UIDynamicItem委托的对象，或者抽象为有面积有旋转的质点；
• UIDynamicBehavior：动力行为的描述，如例子中的重力行为
• UIDynamicAnimator：动力行为（UIDynamicBehavior）的容器，添加到容器内的行为将发挥作用。
• ReferenceView：力学参考对象，就是对象在哪个view中会产生响应的力学行为，例子中

  UIDynamicAnimator *animator = [[UIDynamicAnimator alloc]initWithReferenceView:self.view];

  对象产生力学作用的区域是 self.view

场见的力学行为有这么几种

• UIAttachmentBehavior：连接行为
• UICollisionBehavior：碰撞行为
• UIGravityBehavior：重力行为
• UIPushBehavior：推力行为
• UISnapBehavior：不知道怎么翻译，实际效果类似吸引力

重力+碰撞

前面的demo中view会一直落下,变成落到地下后就停止

    UIView *aView = [UIView new];
    aView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    aView.frame = CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2, 100, 100, 100);
    aView.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(aView.transform, 45);

    [self.view addSubview:aView];
    
    UIDynamicAnimator *animator = [[UIDynamicAnimator alloc]initWithReferenceView:self.view];
    
    UIGravityBehavior *gravityBehavior = [[UIGravityBehavior alloc]initWithItems:@[aView]];
    
    [animator addBehavior:gravityBehavior];
    
    UICollisionBehavior *collisionBehavior = [[UICollisionBehavior alloc]initWithItems:@[aView]];
    collisionBehavior.translatesReferenceBoundsIntoBoundary = YES;
    
    [animator addBehavior:collisionBehavior];
    collisionBehavior.collisionDelegate =self;
    self.animator = animator;

重力+附着力

UIAttachmentBehavior是连接行为，要把view钉在某一位置，就给他添加连接行为即可

UIView *aView = [UIView new];
    aView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    aView.frame = CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2, 100, 100, 100);
    aView.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(aView.transform, 45);

    [self.view addSubview:aView];
    
    self.aView = aView;
    
    UIDynamicAnimator *animator = [[UIDynamicAnimator alloc]initWithReferenceView:self.view];
    
    UIGravityBehavior *gravityBehavior = [[UIGravityBehavior alloc]initWithItems:@[aView]];
    
    [animator addBehavior:gravityBehavior];
    
    UICollisionBehavior *collisionBehavior = [[UICollisionBehavior alloc]initWithItems:@[aView]];
    collisionBehavior.translatesReferenceBoundsIntoBoundary = YES;
    
    [animator addBehavior:collisionBehavior];
    collisionBehavior.collisionDelegate =self;
    
    
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *gest = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleAttachmentGesture:)];
    
    [aView addGestureRecognizer:gest];
    
    self.animator = animator;

- (void)handleAttachmentGesture:(UIPanGestureRecognizer*)gesture{
    if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {
        CGPoint squareCenterPoint = CGPointMake(self.aView.center.x, self.aView.center.y-100);
        UIAttachmentBehavior *attachmentBehavior = [[UIAttachmentBehavior alloc]initWithItem:self.aView attachedToAnchor:squareCenterPoint];
        self.attachmentBehavior = attachmentBehavior;
        [self.animator addBehavior:attachmentBehavior];
    }else if (gesture.state==UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged){
        [self.attachmentBehavior setAnchorPoint:[gesture locationInView:self.view]];
    }else if (gesture.state==UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded){
        [self.animator removeBehavior:self.attachmentBehavior];
    }
}