【MTK camera启动流程】

一、Camera 框架介绍：

Camera的框架分为Kernel部分和hal部分，其中kernel部分主要有两块：

• image sensor driver，负责具体型号的sensor的id检测，上电，以及在preview、capture、初始化、3A等等功能设定时的寄存器配置；
• isp driver，通过DMA将sensor数据流上传；

HAL层部分主要有三部分组成：

• imageio，主要负责数据buffer上传的pipe；
• drv，包含imgsensor和isp的hal层控制；
• feature io，包含各种3A等性能配置；

这篇内容主要介绍开机过程中search sensor以及上电流程等内容。

二、Camera 启动流程

1、CameraService是在开机时启动的，启动后进行searchSensor的操作，会search系统有多少camera，开机时的search操作，只进行camera支持数量的遍历，以及sensor ID的读取操作，如下是hal部分的ASTAH绘制调用流程图，对应的接口的文件路径：

• HalSensorList：
  vendor/mediatek/proprietary/hardware/mtkcam/drv/src/sensor/common/v1/HalSensorList.enumList.cpp
vendor/mediatek/proprietary/hardware/mtkcam/drv/src/sensor/common/v1/HalSensorList.cpp
• SeninfDrv：
  vendor/mediatek/proprietary/hardware/mtkcam/drv/src/sensor/mt6765/seninf_drv.cpp
• SensorDrv：
  vendor/mediatek/proprietary/hardware/mtkcam/drv/src/sensor/common/v1/imgsensor_drv.cpp

(1) 这里先看enumerateSensor_Locked完成的工作，直接看代码：

MUINT HalSensorList::searchSensors()
 
{
 
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mEnumSensorMutex);
 
    MY_LOGD("searchSensors");
 
    return enumerateSensor_Locked();
 
}
 
MUINT HalSensorList::enumerateSensor_Locked()
 
{
 
    SensorDrv *const pSensorDrv = SensorDrv::get();
 
    SeninfDrv *const pSeninfDrv = SeninfDrv::createInstance();
 
    //初始化seninf,配置ISP相关内容
 
    pSeninfDrv->init();
 
    //将所有的clk全部打开
 
    pSeninfDrv->setAllMclkOnOff(ISP_DRIVING_8MA, TRUE);
 
    pSensorDrv->init();
 
    for (MUINT i = IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX_MIN_NUM; i <= max_index_of_camera; i++) {
 
        if((ret = pSensorDrv->searchSensor((IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX)i)) == SENSOR_NO_ERROR){
 
            //query sensorinfo
 
            querySensorDrvInfo((IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX)i);
 
            //fill in metadata
 
            buildSensorMetadata((IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX)i);
 
            pSensorInfo = pSensorDrv->getSensorInfo((IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX)i);
 
            addAndInitSensorEnumInfo_Locked(
 
                (IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX)i,
 
                mapToSensorType(pSensorInfo->GetType()),
 
            pSensorInfo->getDrvMacroName());
 
        }
 
    }
 
}

(２) 下面主要看下searchSensor的流程，这里有去获取sensorList的内容：

MINT32 ImgSensorDrv::searchSensor(IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX sensorIdx)
 
{
 
    GetSensorInitFuncList(&pSensorInitFunc);
 
    featureControl(sensorIdx, SENSOR_FEATURE_SET_DRIVER, (MUINT8 *)&idx, &featureParaLen);
 
    NSFeature::SensorInfoBase* pSensorInfo = pSensorInitFunc[idx].pSensorInfo;
 
}

GetSensorInitFuncList是获取到配置的sensorList的内容，此sensorList需要与kernel层配置的一致，不一致的话在打开camera时会出现异常：
文件位置：

vendor/mediatek/proprietary/custom/mt6765/hal/imgsensor_src/sensorlist.cpp

MSDK_SENSOR_INIT_FUNCTION_STRUCT SensorList[] =
 
{
 
    #if defined(IMX486_MIPI_RAW)
 
        RAW_INFO(IMX486_SENSOR_ID, SENSOR_DRVNAME_IMX486_MIPI_RAW, CAM_CALGetCalData),
 
    #endif
 
//.....
 
}
 
UINT32 GetSensorInitFuncList(MSDK_SENSOR_INIT_FUNCTION_STRUCT **ppSensorList)
 
{
 
    if (NULL == ppSensorList) {
 
        ALOGE("ERROR: NULL pSensorList\n");
 
        return MHAL_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
 
    }
 
    *ppSensorList = &SensorList[0];
 
    return MHAL_NO_ERROR;
 
}

对应的MSDK_SENSOR_INIT_FUNCTION_STRUCT的结构体如下：

typedef struct
 
{
 
    MUINT32 sensorType;
 
    MUINT32 SensorId;
 
    MUINT8 drvname[32];
 
    NSFeature::SensorInfoBase* pSensorInfo;
 
    MUINT32 (*getCameraIndexMgr)(CAMERA_DATA_TYPE_ENUM CameraDataType, MVOID *pDataBuf,                 MUINT32 size);
 
    MUINT32 (*getCameraCalData)(UINT32* pGetSensorCalData);
 
} MSDK_SENSOR_INIT_FUNCTION_STRUCT, *PMSDK_SENSOR_INIT_FUNCTION_STRUCT;

(3) featureControl的setDriver流程：
文件位置：
vendor/mediatek/proprietary/hardware/mtkcam/drv/src/sensor/common/v1/imgsensor_drv.cpp

MINT32 ImgSensorDrv::featureControl(
    IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX sensorIdx,
    ACDK_SENSOR_FEATURE_ENUM FeatureId,
    MUINT8 *pFeaturePara,
    MUINT32 *pFeatureParaLen
)
 
{
    //结构ACDK_SENSOR_FEATURECONTROL_STRUCT和kernel中一致

    featureCtrl.InvokeCamera = sensorIdx;
 
    featureCtrl.FeatureId = FeatureId;//SENSOR_FEATURE_SET_DRIVER
 
    featureCtrl.pFeaturePara = pFeaturePara;
 
    featureCtrl.pFeatureParaLen = pFeatureParaLen;
 
    if (ioctl(m_fdSensor, KDIMGSENSORIOC_X_FEATURECONCTROL , &featureCtrl) < 0) {
 
        LOG_ERR("[featureControl] Err-ctrlCode (%s)", strerror(errno));
 
        return -errno;
 
    }
 
    return SENSOR_NO_ERROR;
 
}

三、kernel 启动流程

先来看整体的框架图如下：

1、set clock 设置时钟

static long imgsensor_ioctl(
    struct file *a_pstFile,
    unsigned int a_u4Command,
    unsigned long a_u4Param)
 
{
 
    case KDIMGSENSORIOC_X_SET_MCLK_PLL:
 
        i4RetValue = imgsensor_clk_set(
 
            &pgimgsensor->clk,
 
            (struct ACDK_SENSOR_MCLK_STRUCT *)pBuff);
 
        break;
 
    //......
 
}
 
int imgsensor_clk_set(
 
struct IMGSENSOR_CLK *pclk, struct ACDK_SENSOR_MCLK_STRUCT *pmclk)
 
{
 
    if (pmclk->on) {
 
        clk_prepare_enable(pclk->imgsensor_ccf[mclk_index])
 
        ret = clk_set_parent(
 
        pclk->imgsensor_ccf[pmclk->TG],
 
        pclk->imgsensor_ccf[mclk_index]);
 
    } else {
 
        clk_disable_unprepare(pclk->imgsensor_ccf[mclk_index]);
 
    }
 
}

2、set driver

static long imgsensor_ioctl(
    struct file *a_pstFile,
    unsigned int a_u4Command,
    unsigned long a_u4Param)
 
{
 
    case KDIMGSENSORIOC_X_FEATURECONCTROL:
 
    i4RetValue = adopt_CAMERA_HW_FeatureControl(pBuff);
 
    break;
 
    //......
 
}
 
static inline int adopt_CAMERA_HW_FeatureControl(void *pBuf)
 
{
 
    /* copy from user */
 
    switch (pFeatureCtrl->FeatureId) {
 
        case SENSOR_FEATURE_SET_DRIVER:
 
        {
 
            MINT32 drv_idx;
 
            psensor->inst.sensor_idx = pFeatureCtrl->InvokeCamera;
 
            drv_idx = imgsensor_set_driver(psensor);
 
            memcpy(pFeaturePara, &drv_idx, FeatureParaLen);
 
            break;
 
        }
 
    }
 
}

遍历CONFIG_CUSTOM_KERNEL_IMGSENSOR的内容，然后看sensorList是否对应，并获取对应的下标，调用imgsensor_check_is_alive进行上下电并读取ID 的操作：

struct IMGSENSOR_INIT_FUNC_LIST kdSensorList[MAX_NUM_OF_SUPPORT_SENSOR] = {
 
    #if defined(XXXXXX_MIPI_RAW)
 
        {XXXXXX_SENSOR_ID,
 
            SENSOR_DRVNAME_XXXXXX_MIPI_RAW,
 
            XXXXXX_MIPI_RAW_SensorInit},
 
    #endif
 
//......
 
}
 
int imgsensor_set_driver(struct IMGSENSOR_SENSOR *psensor)
 
{
 
    struct IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_INST *psensor_inst = &psensor->inst;
 
    struct IMGSENSOR_INIT_FUNC_LIST *pSensorList = kdSensorList;
 
    //获取config的size
 
    char *sensor_configs = STRINGIZE(CONFIG_CUSTOM_KERNEL_IMGSENSOR);
 
    imgsensor_i2c_init(&psensor_inst->i2c_cfg,
 
    imgsensor_custom_config[psensor->inst.sensor_idx].i2c_dev);
 
    memcpy(psensor_list_config, sensor_configs+1, strlen(sensor_configs)-2);
 
    //对应config字符串进行按空格进行拆解
 
    driver_name = strsep(&psensor_list_config, " \0");
 
    while (driver_name != NULL) {
 
        for (j = 0; j < MAX_NUM_OF_SUPPORT_SENSOR; j++) {
 
            //判断对应的init函数是否存在
 
            if (pSensorList[j].init == NULL)
 
                break;
 
            else if (!strcmp(driver_name, pSensorList[j].name)) {
 
                //如果在config中和sensorlist中同时有定义进行赋值
 
                orderedSearchList[i++] = j;
 
                break;
 
            }
 
        }
 
        driver_name = strsep(&psensor_list_config, " \0");
 
    }
 
    for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUM_OF_SUPPORT_SENSOR; i++) {
 
        //上面获取到的sensorlist的下标
 
        drv_idx = orderedSearchList[i];
 
        if (pSensorList[drv_idx].init) {
 
            //调用对应驱动的init函数
 
            pSensorList[drv_idx].init(&psensor->pfunc);
 
            if (psensor->pfunc) {
 
                psensor_inst->psensor_name =
 
                    (char *)pSensorList[drv_idx].name;
 
                //到这里是重点，进行上电读取ID的操作
 
                if (!imgsensor_check_is_alive(psensor)) {
 
                    ret = drv_idx;
 
                }
 
            }
 
        }
 
    }
 
}

下面看对应的上下电以及读取ID的操作：

static inline int imgsensor_check_is_alive(struct IMGSENSOR_SENSOR *psensor)
 
{
 
    struct IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_INST *psensor_inst = &psensor->inst;
 
    //上电
 
    err = imgsensor_hw_power(&pgimgsensor->hw,
 
        psensor,
 
        psensor_inst->psensor_name,
 
        IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_STATUS_ON);
 
    //读取ID
 
    imgsensor_sensor_feature_control(
 
        psensor,
 
        SENSOR_FEATURE_CHECK_SENSOR_ID,
 
        (MUINT8 *)&sensorID,
 
        &retLen);
 
    if (sensorID == 0 || sensorID == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
 
        pr_info("Fail to get sensor ID %x\n", sensorID);
    
        err = ERROR_SENSOR_CONNECT_FAIL;
 
    } else {
 
        pr_info(" Sensor found ID = 0x%x\n", sensorID);
 
        err = ERROR_NONE;
 
    }
 
    //下电
 
    imgsensor_hw_power(&pgimgsensor->hw,
 
        psensor,
 
        psensor_inst->psensor_name,
 
        IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_STATUS_OFF);
 
    return err ? -EIO:err;
 
}

3、上电相关

上电时序配置：

struct IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_INFO {
 
    enum IMGSENSOR_HW_PIN pin;
 
    enum IMGSENSOR_HW_PIN_STATE pin_state_on;
 
    u32 pin_on_delay;
 
    enum IMGSENSOR_HW_PIN_STATE pin_state_off;
 
    u32 pin_off_delay;
 
};
 
struct IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_SEQ sensor_power_sequence[] = {
 
    //……
 
    #if defined(XXXXXX_MIPI_RAW)
 
    {
 
        SENSOR_DRVNAME_XXXXXX_MIPI_RAW,
 
        {
 
            {RST, Vol_Low, 0},
 
            {DVDD, Vol_1100, 1},
 
            {AVDD, Vol_2800, 1},
 
            {DOVDD, Vol_1800, 1},
 
            {RST, Vol_High, 1},
 
            {SensorMCLK, Vol_High, 0},
 
        },
 
    },
 
    #endif
 
}

对应的控制的流程如下：

static enum IMGSENSOR_RETURN imgsensor_hw_power_sequence(
 
    struct IMGSENSOR_HW *phw,
 
    enum IMGSENSOR_SENSOR_IDX sensor_idx,
 
    enum IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_STATUS pwr_status,
 
    struct IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_SEQ *ppower_sequence,
 
    char *pcurr_idx)
 
{
 
    ppwr_info = ppwr_seq->pwr_info;
 
    // 上电
 
    while (ppwr_info->pin != IMGSENSOR_HW_PIN_NONE &&
 
        ppwr_info < ppwr_seq->pwr_info + IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_INFO_MAX) {
 
            if (pwr_status == IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_STATUS_ON &&
 
                ppwr_info->pin != IMGSENSOR_HW_PIN_UNDEF) {
 
                pdev = phw->pdev[psensor_pwr->id[ppwr_info->pin]];
 
                if (pdev->set != NULL)
 
                    //调用GPIO或者regulator的set 电压操作，这里的pdev在imgsensor_probe中已经设置
 
                    pdev->set(
 
                        pdev->pinstance,
 
                        sensor_idx,
 
                        ppwr_info->pin,
 
                        ppwr_info->pin_state_on);
 
                        mdelay(ppwr_info->pin_on_delay);
 
            }
 
            // 从上到下依次上电
 
            ppwr_info++;
 
            pin_cnt++;
 
    }
 
    // 下电操作
 
    if (pwr_status == IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_STATUS_OFF) {
 
        while (pin_cnt) {
 
            //从下到上依次下电
 
            ppwr_info--;
 
            pin_cnt--;
 
            if (ppwr_info->pin != IMGSENSOR_HW_PIN_UNDEF) {
 
                pdev =
 
                    phw->pdev[psensor_pwr->id[ppwr_info->pin]];
 
                mdelay(ppwr_info->pin_on_delay);
 
                if (pdev->set != NULL)
 
                pdev->set(
 
                    pdev->pinstance,
 
                    sensor_idx,
 
                    ppwr_info->pin,
 
                    ppwr_info->pin_state_off);
 
            }
 
        }
 
    }
 
    /* wait for power stable */
 
    if (pwr_status == IMGSENSOR_HW_POWER_STATUS_ON)
 
    mdelay(5);
 
    return IMGSENSOR_RETURN_SUCCESS;
 
}

四、总结

通过上面的代码流程，可以知道上开机时，camera模块先会将所有的MCLK打开，然后对依次对对应的sensor进行上电，读取ID(判断I2C是否正常通讯)。这部分调试过程中遇到的问题总结如下：

1、ID读取不到，I2C不通

• 检查上电时序，３项电压（AVDD/DVDD/IOVDD）是否正确；
• I2C地址及通道设置是否正确；
• 检查cfg_setting_imgsensor.cpp中MCLK和HW链接配置是否正确；

2、Camera 启动时间过长

• 检查Sensor上电时序要求的延时，是否有偏长的情况；
• 去掉多余的I2C地址，因为大部分驱动会多添加一些地址；
• OTP的加载调整到每次开机时第一次打开加载，之后不加载；
• sensorInit如果时间过长，可以调节I2C speed(400->1000)；

3、preview 阶段耗时

• 检查streamOn/Off的耗时；
• preview_init是否有较长时间的耗时
• 以及延时操作使用mdelay代替msleep；
• pre_delay_frame/cap_delay_frame丢帧操作是否合适；

4、低电流、功耗相关问题

• 检查电压是否都有下电成功，防止漏电；
• 对于共pin的sensor，在操作时是否有做好workaround；
• 将I2C寄存器单个读写，调整为连续读写的方式也有一定优化；
• sensor的PIN是否有被其他模块占用，异常操作的行为；