使用TestNg 测试框架时自动化测试失败重试解决方案

自动化测试时，有时会因为网络不稳定，或者测试环境、第三方环境正在重启而造成用例运行结果不稳定，导致时而能测试通过时而又不通过的测试用例。这些难以重现的环境因素造成的用例失败，经常会耗费排查时间，然而又没有太多改善的空间。针对这种情况，可以基于TestNG的重试器和监听器实现失败结果的重试和监听，一旦监听到失败的测试用例，启动定制的重试方法和处理方法来实现重新运行。

IRetryAnalyzer实现失败重试

TestNG提供了IRetryAnalyzer接口，通过实现这个接口用户可以自定义重试方法，此接口仅定义了一个retry方法

TestNG会自动在添加了RetryAnalyzer的测试方法上监控测试方法的结果，并调用IRetryAnalyzer实现对不同结果的处理。

本文通过pom.xml文件中插件配置重试监听类， Maven工程运行时会自动监听测试类并判断每个测试用例的运行结果，如果测试成功，不做任何动作继续执行下一个测试用例；如果测试失败且执行次数少于最大尝试次数，则进入重试并讲运行次数加一；如果测试失败，并尝试次数大于最大尝试次数，退出当前测试用例，并把测试用例标记为失败。

1、新建OverrideIReTry 类实现 IRetryAnalyzer 接口，这个类主要用于写失败重跑的规则

package com.sc.retry;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.testng.IRetryAnalyzer;
import org.testng.ITestResult;
import org.testng.Reporter;

public class OverrideIReTry implements IRetryAnalyzer {
   // public static Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(OverrideIReTry.class);
    //public int initReTryNum=1;
    public int maxReTryNum=3;
    
    static Map<String,Integer> countmp = new HashMap<String,Integer>();
    @Override
    public boolean retry(ITestResult iTestResult) {
    	Object testcase = iTestResult.getParameters()[0];
    	int initReTryNum = getTestCaseErrorCount(testcase.toString());
    	System.out.println(testcase + " ---- " + initReTryNum);
        if(initReTryNum<=maxReTryNum){
            String message="方法<"+iTestResult.getName()+">执行失败，重试第"+initReTryNum+"次";
            System.out.println(message);
            Reporter.setCurrentTestResult(iTestResult);
            Reporter.log(message);
            //initReTryNum++;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    private int getTestCaseErrorCount(String key) {
    	if(countmp.containsKey(key)) {
    		int count = countmp.get(key);
    		count++;
    		countmp.put(key, count);
    	}else {
    		countmp.put(key, 1);
    	}
    	return countmp.get(key);
    }
}

2、 新建OverrideIAnnotationTransformer 类实现 IAnnotationTransformer接口，用于监听事件

package com.sc.retry;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import org.testng.IAnnotationTransformer;
import org.testng.IRetryAnalyzer;
import org.testng.annotations.ITestAnnotation;

public class OverrideIAnnotationTransformer implements IAnnotationTransformer{

	@Override
	  public void transform(ITestAnnotation iTestAnnotation, Class aClass, Constructor constructor, Method method) {
        IRetryAnalyzer iRetryAnalyzer= iTestAnnotation.getRetryAnalyzer();
        if(iRetryAnalyzer==null){
            iTestAnnotation.setRetryAnalyzer(OverrideIReTry.class);
        }
    }

}

3、邮件工具类EmailUtils和参数处理类EmailParams

mport org.apache.commons.mail.*;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class EmailUtils {

    public static  HtmlEmail emailSet(String title,String emailMsg,String fromEmail,String ps,String[] toEmail) throws EmailException {
        HtmlEmail email = new HtmlEmail();
        email.setCharset("UTF-8");
        email.setHostName(EmailParams.host);
        email.setAuthentication(fromEmail,ps);
        email.setFrom(fromEmail);//发件人
        for(String touser:toEmail){
            email.addTo(touser);//收件人
        }

        email.setSubject(title); //邮件标题
        email.setHtmlMsg(emailMsg);//邮件内容
        return email;
    }
    public static  HtmlEmail emailSet(String title,String fromEmail,String ps,String[] toEmail) throws EmailException {
        HtmlEmail email = new HtmlEmail();
        email.setCharset("UTF-8");
        email.setHostName(EmailParams.host);
        email.setAuthentication(fromEmail,ps);
        email.setFrom(fromEmail);//发件人
        for(String touser:toEmail){
            email.addTo(touser);//收件人
        }
        email.setSubject(title); //邮件标题
        return email;
    }

    //发送一个简单的邮件，只有内容。
    public static void  sendEmail(String title,String emailMsg,String fromEmail,String ps,String[] toEmail) throws EmailException {
        HtmlEmail email =emailSet(title,emailMsg,fromEmail,ps,toEmail);
        email.send();
    }

    //发送一个多个本地附件的邮件
    public static void  sendEmailWithAttachments(String title,String emailMsg,String fromEmail,String ps,String[] toEmail,String filepath) throws EmailException {
        HtmlEmail email =emailSet(title,emailMsg,fromEmail,ps,toEmail);
        String attachmentName="apitest.xlsx,test.xml,0531_7.jpg";
        String[] attachs = attachmentName.split(",");
        for(String s:attachs){
            EmailAttachment emailAttachment = new EmailAttachment();
            emailAttachment.setPath(filepath);
            emailAttachment.setDisposition(EmailAttachment.ATTACHMENT);
            emailAttachment.setDescription("测试结果");
            emailAttachment.setName(s);
            email.attach(emailAttachment);
        }
        email.send();
    }
    //发送一个多个本地附件的邮件
    public static void  sendEmailWithAttachment(String title,String emailMsg,String fromEmail,String ps,String[] toEmail,String... filepath) throws EmailException {
        HtmlEmail email =emailSet(title,emailMsg,fromEmail,ps,toEmail);
         for(String s:filepath){
            EmailAttachment emailAttachment = new EmailAttachment();
            emailAttachment.setPath(s);
            emailAttachment.setDisposition(EmailAttachment.ATTACHMENT);
            emailAttachment.setDescription("测试结果");
            File f = new File(s);
            emailAttachment.setName(f.getName());
            email.attach(emailAttachment);
        }
        email.send();
    }

    public static void sendEmailsWithAttachments(String title, String context, String... filepath) throws EmailException, UnsupportedEncodingException {

        String hostname  = EmailParams.host;
        String password = EmailParams.password;
        String username =  EmailParams.username;
        String[] toList =EmailParams.tousers;

        // Create the email message
        HtmlEmail email = new HtmlEmail();
        email.setHostName(hostname); // 邮件服务器域名
        //mail.setSmtpPort(smtpPort); // 邮件服务器smtp协议端口
        email.setAuthentication(username, password); // 邮箱账户
        email.setCharset("UTF-8"); // 邮件的字符集

        //mail.setSSLOnConnect(true); // 是否启用SSL