剑指offer：数值的整数次方

一般解法：（相对低效）
/**
 * 题目：
 *      给定一个double类型的浮点数base和int类型的整数exponent。求base的exponent次方。
 */
public class P110_IntegerPowerOfNumber {
    public double IntegerPowerOfNumber(double base, int exponent) {
        double result = 0;
        //输入底数为0
        if (base == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        //输入指数为0
        if (exponent == 0) {
            return 1;
        }
        result = 1;
        int temp = Math.abs(exponent);
        for (int i = 1; i <= temp; i++) {
            result *= base;
        }

        if (exponent > 0) {
            result = result;
        }
        if (exponent < 0) {
            result = 1 / result;
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        double base = 1;
        int exponent = 0;

        P110_IntegerPowerOfNumber test = new P110_IntegerPowerOfNumber();
        double result = test.IntegerPowerOfNumber(base, exponent);
        System.out.print(result);
    }
}

高效解法：

/**
 * 题目：
 *      给定一个double类型的浮点数base和int类型的整数exponent。求base的exponent次方。
 * 解题思路：
 *      当指数为偶数时：a^n=a^(n/2)*a^(n/2)
 *      当指数为奇数时：a^n=a^(n/2)*a^(n/2)*a
 */
public class P110_IntegerPowerOfNumber_ {
    public double Power(double base, int exponent) {

        //指数为0，返回1
        if (exponent == 0) {
            return 1;
        }

        //指数为1，返回底数本身
        if (exponent == 1) {
            return base;
        }

        int absExponent = Math.abs(exponent);

        //假设指数为偶数次方 a^n=a^(n/2)*a^(n/2)
        double result = Power(base, absExponent >> 1);
        result *= result;

        //如果指数为奇数，将上面结果再乘以底数本身
        if (absExponent % 2 == 1) {
            result = result * base;
        }
        if (exponent < 0) {
            result = 1 / result;
        }
        return result;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        double base = 2;
        int exponent =-3;

        P110_IntegerPowerOfNumber_ test = new P110_IntegerPowerOfNumber_();
        double result = test.Power(base, exponent);
        System.out.print(result);
    }
}