20个非常有用的Java程序片段

20个非常有用的Java程序片段



原文地址:http://geek.csdn.net/news/detail/240332



1. 字符串有整型的相互转换


String a = String.valueOf(2);    //整数到数字字符串
int i = Integer.parseInt(a);     //数字字符串到int


2. 向文件末尾添加内容


BufferedWriter out = null;  
try {  
    out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(”filename”, true));  
    out.write(”aString”);  
} catch (IOException e) {  
    //错误处理代码
} finally {  
    if (out != null) {  
        out.close();  
    }  
}


3. 得到当前方法的名字


String methodName = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();


4. 转字符串到日期


java.util.Date = java.text.DateFormat.getDateInstance().parse(date String);


或者是:

SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat( "dd.MM.yyyy" );  
Date date = format.parse( myString );


5. 使用JDBC链接Oracle


public class OracleJdbcTest  
{  
    String driverClass = "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";  

    Connection con;  

    public void init(FileInputStream fs) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, FileNotFoundException, IOException  
    {  
        Properties props = new Properties();  
        props.load(fs);  
        String url = props.getProperty("db.url");  
        String userName = props.getProperty("db.user");  
        String password = props.getProperty("db.password");  
        Class.forName(driverClass);  

        con=DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName, password);  
    }  

    public void fetch() throws SQLException, IOException  
    {  
        PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement("select SYSDATE from dual");  
        ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();  

        while (rs.next())  
        {  
            //做你该做的事  
        }  
        rs.close();  
        ps.close();  
    }  

    public static void main(String[] args)  
    {  
        OracleJdbcTest test = new OracleJdbcTest();  
        test.init();  
        test.fetch();  
    }  
}


6. 把 Java util.Date 转成 sql.Date


java.util.Date utilDate = new java.util.Date();  
java.sql.Date sqlDate = new java.sql.Date(utilDate.getTime());


7. 使用NIO进行快速的文件拷贝


public static void fileCopy( File in, File out )  
            throws IOException  
    {  
        FileChannel inChannel = new FileInputStream( in ).getChannel();  
        FileChannel outChannel = new FileOutputStream( out ).getChannel();  
        try 
        {                 
            int maxCount = (64 * 1024 * 1024) - (32 * 1024);  
            long size = inChannel.size();  
            long position = 0;  
            while ( position < size )  
            {  
               position += inChannel.transferTo( position, maxCount, outChannel );  
            }  
        }  
        finally 
        {  
            if ( inChannel != null )  
            {  
               inChannel.close();  
            }  
            if ( outChannel != null )  
            {  
                outChannel.close();  
            }  
        }  
    }


8. 创建图片的缩略图


private void createThumbnail(String filename, int thumbWidth, int thumbHeight, int quality, String outFilename)  
        throws InterruptedException, FileNotFoundException, IOException  
    {  
        //从文件名加载图像 
        Image image = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(filename);  
        MediaTracker mediaTracker = new MediaTracker(new Container());  
        mediaTracker.addImage(image, 0);  
        mediaTracker.waitForID(0);  
        // 使用此测试在这一点上的错误: System.out.println(mediaTracker.isErrorAny());  

        // 从宽度和高度确定缩略图大小
        double thumbRatio = (double)thumbWidth / (double)thumbHeight;  
        int imageWidth = image.getWidth(null);  
        int imageHeight = image.getHeight(null);  
        double imageRatio = (double)imageWidth / (double)imageHeight;  
        if (thumbRatio < imageRatio) {  
            thumbHeight = (int)(thumbWidth / imageRatio);  
        } else {  
            thumbWidth = (int)(thumbHeight * imageRatio);  
        }  

        // 将原始图像绘制到缩略图对象,并将其缩放到新的大小。
BufferedImage thumbImage = new BufferedImage(thumbWidth, thumbHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D graphics2D = thumbImage.createGraphics();
graphics2D.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
graphics2D.drawImage(image, 0, 0, thumbWidth, thumbHeight, null);
// 保存缩略图,outfilename
BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(outFilename));
JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(out);
JPEGEncodeParam param = encoder.getDefaultJPEGEncodeParam(thumbImage);
quality = Math.max(0, Math.min(quality, 100));
param.setQuality((float)quality / 100.0f, false);
encoder.setJPEGEncodeParam(param);
encoder.encode(thumbImage);
out.close();
}


9. 创建 JSON 格式的数据


import org.json.JSONObject;  
...  
...  
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();  
json.put("city", "Mumbai");  
json.put("country", "India");  
...  
String output = json.toString();  
...


10. 使用iText JAR生成PDF


import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.OutputStream;  
import java.util.Date;  

import com.lowagie.text.Document;  
import com.lowagie.text.Paragraph;  
import com.lowagie.text.pdf.PdfWriter;  


public class GeneratePDF {  

    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        try {  
            OutputStream file = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Test.pdf"));  

            Document document = new Document();  
            PdfWriter.getInstance(document, file);  
            document.open();  
            document.add(new Paragraph("Hello Kiran"));  
            document.add(new Paragraph(new Date().toString()));  

            document.close();  
            file.close();  

        } catch (Exception e) {  

            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
}


11. HTTP 代理设置


System.getProperties().put("http.proxyHost", "someProxyURL");  
System.getProperties().put("http.proxyPort", "someProxyPort");  
System.getProperties().put("http.proxyUser", "someUserName");  
System.getProperties().put("http.proxyPassword", "somePassword");


12. 单实例Singleton 示例


public class SimpleSingleton {  
    private static SimpleSingleton singleInstance =  new SimpleSingleton();  

    // 标记默认构造函数私有,避免直接实例化。
    private SimpleSingleton() {  
    }  

    // 得到simplesingleton类实例 
    public static SimpleSingleton getInstance() {  

        return singleInstance;  
    }  
}


另一种实现

public enum SimpleSingleton {  
    INSTANCE;  
    public void doSomething() {  
    }  
}  

//Call the method from Singleton:  
SimpleSingleton.INSTANCE.doSomething();


13. 抓屏程序


import java.awt.Dimension;  
import java.awt.Rectangle;  
import java.awt.Robot;  
import java.awt.Toolkit;  
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;  
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;  
import java.io.File;  

...  

public void captureScreen(String fileName) throws Exception {  

   Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();  
   Rectangle screenRectangle = new Rectangle(screenSize);  
   Robot robot = new Robot();  
   BufferedImage image = robot.createScreenCapture(screenRectangle);  
   ImageIO.write(image, "png", new File(fileName));  

}  
...


14. 列出文件和目录


File dir = new File("directoryName");  
  String[] children = dir.list();  
  if (children == null) {  
      //  任一目录不存在或不是目录
  } else {  
      for (int i=0; i < children.length; i++) {  
          // 获取文件或目录的文件名  
          String filename = children[i];  
      }  
  }  

  // 还可以过滤返回的文件列表。
  // 此示例不返回任何以'开头'开头的文件。
  FilenameFilter filter = new FilenameFilter() {  
      public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {  
          return !name.startsWith(".");  
      }  
  };  
  children = dir.list(filter);  

  // 文件列表也可以作为文件对象检索。
  File[] files = dir.listFiles();  

  // 此过滤器只返回目录。
  FileFilter fileFilter = new FileFilter() {  
      public boolean accept(File file) {  
          return file.isDirectory();  
      }  
  };  
  files = dir.listFiles(fileFilter);


15. 创建ZIP和JAR文件


import java.util.zip.*;  
import java.io.*;  


public class ZipIt {  
    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {  
        if (args.length < 2) {  
            System.err.println("usage: java ZipIt Zip.zip file1 file2 file3");  
            System.exit(-1);  
        }  
        File zipFile = new File(args[0]);  
        if (zipFile.exists()) {  
            System.err.println("Zip file already exists, please try another");  
            System.exit(-2);  
        }  
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(zipFile);  
        ZipOutputStream zos = new ZipOutputStream(fos);  
        int bytesRead;  
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];  
        CRC32 crc = new CRC32();  
        for (int i=1, n=args.length; i < n; i++) {  
            String name = args[i];  
            File file = new File(name);  
            if (!file.exists()) {  
                System.err.println("Skipping: " + name);  
                continue;  
            }  
            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));  
            crc.reset();  
            while ((bytesRead = bis.read(buffer)) != -1) {  
                crc.update(buffer, 0, bytesRead);  
            }  
            bis.close();  
            // 重置为输入流的开头
            bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));  
            ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(name);  
            entry.setMethod(ZipEntry.STORED);  
            entry.setCompressedSize(file.length());  
            entry.setSize(file.length());  
            entry.setCrc(crc.getValue());  
            zos.putNextEntry(entry);  
            while ((bytesRead = bis.read(buffer)) != -1) {  
                zos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);  
            }  
            bis.close();  
        }  
        zos.close();  
    }  
}


16. 解析/读取XML 文件


XML文件

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<students> 
    <student> 
        <name>John</name> 
        <grade>B</grade> 
        <age>12</age> 
    </student> 
    <student> 
        <name>Mary</name> 
        <grade>A</grade> 
        <age>11</age> 
    </student> 
    <student> 
        <name>Simon</name> 
        <grade>A</grade> 
        <age>18</age> 
    </student> 
</students>


Java代码

package net.viralpatel.java.xmlparser;  

import java.io.File;  
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;  
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;  

import org.w3c.dom.Document;  
import org.w3c.dom.Element;  
import org.w3c.dom.Node;  
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;  

public class XMLParser {  

    public void getAllUserNames(String fileName) {  
        try {  
            DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  
            DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();  
            File file = new File(fileName);  
            if (file.exists()) {  
                Document doc = db.parse(file);  
                Element docEle = doc.getDocumentElement();  

                // 打印文档的根元素
                System.out.println("Root element of the document: " + docEle.getNodeName());  

                NodeList studentList = docEle.getElementsByTagName("student");  

                // 打印文档中的学生元素总数
                System.out.println("Total students: " + studentList.getLength());  

                if (studentList != null && studentList.getLength() > 0) {  
                    for (int i = 0; i < studentList.getLength(); i++) {  

                        Node node = studentList.item(i);  

                        if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {  

                            System.out.println("=====================");  

                            Element e = (Element) node;  
                            NodeList nodeList = e.getElementsByTagName("name");  
                            System.out.println("Name: " + nodeList.item(0).getChildNodes().item(0).getNodeValue());  

                            nodeList = e.getElementsByTagName("grade");  
                            System.out.println("Grade: " + nodeList.item(0).getChildNodes().item(0).getNodeValue());  

                            nodeList = e.getElementsByTagName("age");  
                            System.out.println("Age: " + nodeList.item(0).getChildNodes().item(0).getNodeValue());  
                        }  
                    }  
                } else {  
                    System.exit(1);  
                }  
            }  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            System.out.println(e);  
        }  
    }  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  

        XMLParser parser = new XMLParser();  
        parser.getAllUserNames("c:\\test.xml");  
    }  
}


17. 把 Array 转换成 Map


import java.util.Map;  
import org.apache.commons.lang.ArrayUtils;  

public class Main {  

  public static void main(String[] args) {  
    String[][] countries = { { "United States", "New York" },{ "United Kingdom", "London" },{ "Netherland", "Amsterdam" }, { "Japan", "Tokyo" }, { "France", "Paris" } };  

    Map countryCapitals = ArrayUtils.toMap(countries);  

    System.out.println("Capital of Japan is " + countryCapitals.get("Japan"));  
    System.out.println("Capital of France is " + countryCapitals.get("France"));  
  }  
}


18. 发送邮件


import javax.mail.*;  
import javax.mail.internet.*;  
import java.util.*;  

public void postMail( String recipients[ ], String subject, String message , String from) throws MessagingException  
{  
    boolean debug = false;  

    // 设置主机SMTP地址
    Properties props = new Properties();  
    props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.example.com");  

    // 创建一些属性并获得默认会话
    Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);  
    session.setDebug(debug);  

    // 创建一个消息
    Message msg = new MimeMessage(session);  

    // 设置地址
    InternetAddress addressFrom = new InternetAddress(from);  
    msg.setFrom(addressFrom);  

    InternetAddress[] addressTo = new InternetAddress[recipients.length];  
    for (int i = 0; i < recipients.length; i++)  
    {  
        addressTo[i] = new InternetAddress(recipients[i]);  
    }  
    msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, addressTo);  

    // 可选项:如果您愿意,还可以在电子邮件中设置自定义标头
    msg.addHeader("MyHeaderName", "myHeaderValue");  

    // 设置主题和内容类型
    msg.setSubject(subject);  
    msg.setContent(message, "text/plain");  
    Transport.send(msg);  
}


19. 发送代数据的HTTP 请求


import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
import java.net.URL;  

public class Main {  
    public static void main(String[] args)  {  
        try {  
            URL my_url = new URL("http://coolshell.cn/");  
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(my_url.openStream()));  
            String strTemp = "";  
            while(null != (strTemp = br.readLine())){  
                System.out.println(strTemp);  
            }  
        } catch (Exception ex) {  
            ex.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
}


20. 改变数组的大小


/** 
*  一个新的分配大小的数组,和复制的内容
*  将旧数组添加到新数组中。
* @param oldArray  旧的阵列,重新分配。
* @param newSize   新数组大小。
* @return          内容相同的新数组。
*/ 
private static Object resizeArray (Object oldArray, int newSize) {  
    int oldSize = java.lang.reflect.Array.getLength(oldArray);  
    Class elementType = oldArray.getClass().getComponentType();  
    Object newArray = java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(elementType,newSize);  
    int preserveLength = Math.min(oldSize,newSize);  
    if (preserveLength > 0)  
       System.arraycopy (oldArray,0,newArray,0,preserveLength);  
    return newArray;  
}  

//  resizearray测试
public static void main (String[] args) {  
   int[] a = {1,2,3};  
   a = (int[])resizeArray(a,5);  
   a[3] = 4;  
   a[4] = 5;  
   for (int i=0; i<a.length; i++)  
      System.out.println (a[i]);  
}
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