用vc++编写上位机:
一是利用Windows API通信函数;二是利用VC的标准通信
函数inp、inpw、inpd、outp、outpw、outpd等直接对串口进行操作;三是使用Microsoft Visual C++的通信控件(MSComm);
四是利用第三方编写的通信类。以上几种方法中第一种使用面较广,但由于比较复杂,专业化程度较高,使用较困难;第二种需要了
解硬件电路结构原理;第三种方法看来较简单,只需要对串口进行简单配置,但是由于使用令人费解的VARIANT 类,使用也不是很容
易;第四种方法是利用一种用于串行通信的CSerial类(这种类是由第三方提供),只要理解这种类的几个成员函数,就能方便的使
用。
1.初始化时应注意CreateFile()函数中串口共享方式应设为0,串口为不可共享设备,其它与一般文件读写类似。以下给出API实
现的源代码。
1.1 发送的例程
//声明全局变量
HANDLE m_hIDComDev;
OVERLAPPED m_OverlappedRead, m_Over lappedWrite;
//初始化串口
void CSerialAPIView::OnInitialUpdate()
{
CView::OnInitialUpdate();
Char szComParams[50];
DCB dcb;
Memset(&m_OverlappedRead, 0, sizeof (OVERLAPPED));
Memset(&m_OverlappedWrite, 0, sizeof (OVERLAPPED));
m_hIDComDev = NULL;
m_hIDComDev = CreateFile(“COM2”, GENERIC_READ│GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL│FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
if (m_hIDComDev == NULL)
{
AfxMessageBox(“Can not open serial port!”);
goto endd;
}
memset(&m_OverlappedRead, 0, sizeof (OVERLAPPED));
memset(&m_OverlappedWrite, 0, sizeof (OVERLAPPED));
COMMTIMEOUTS CommTimeOuts;
CommTimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout=0×FFFFFFFF;
CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 0;
CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 5000;
SetCommTimeouts(m_hIDComDev, &CommTimeOuts);
Wsprintf(szComparams, “COM2:9600, n, 8, 1”);
m_OverlappedRead. hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
m_OverlappedWrite. hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
dcb. DCBlength = sizeof(DCB);
GetCommState(m_hIDComDev, &dcb);
dcb. BaudRate = 9600;
dcb. ByteSize= 8;
unsigned char ucSet;
ucSet = (unsigned char) ((FC_RTSCTS&FC_DTRDSR) != 0);
ucSet = (unsigned char) ((FC_RTSCTS&FC_RTSCTS) ! = 0);
ucSet = (unsigned char) ((FC_RTSCTS&FC_XONXOFF) ! = 0);
if (!SetCommState(m_hIDComDev, &dcb)‖
!SetupComm(m_hIDComDev,10000,10000)‖
m_OverlappedRead. hEvent ==NULL‖
m_OverlappedWrite. hEvent ==NULL)
{
DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
if (m_OverlappedRead. hEvent != NULL)
CloseHandle(m_OverlappedRead. hEvent);
if (m_OverlappedWrite. hEvent != NULL)
CloseHandle(m_OverlappedWrite. hEvent);
CloseHandle(m_hIDComDev);
}
endd:
;
}
//发送数据
void CSerialAPIView::OnSend()
{
char szMessage[20] = “thank you very much”;
DWORD dwBytesWritten;
for (int i=0; i<sizeof(szMessage); i++)
{
WriteFile(m_hIDComDev, (LPSTR)&szMessage[i], 1, &dwBytesWritten, &m_OverlappedWrite);
if (WaitForSingleObject(m_OverlapperWrite, hEvent, 1000))dwBytesWritten = 0;
else
{
GentOverlappedResult(m_hIDComDev, &m_OverlappedWrite, &dwBytesWritten, FALSE);
m_OverlappedWrite. Offset += dwBytesWritten;
}
dwBytesWritten++;
}
}
1.2 接收例程
DCB ComDcb; //设备控制块
HANDLE hCom; //global handle
hCom = CreateFile ("COM1",GENERIC_READ| GENERIC_WRITE,0,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,NULL);
if (hCom==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
AfxMessageBox("无法打开串行口");
}
else
{
COMMTIMEOUTS CommTimeOuts ;
SetCommMask(hCom, EV_RXCHAR ) ;
SetupComm(hCom, 4096, 4096 ) ; /*设置收发缓冲区 尺寸为4K */
PurgeComm(hCom, PURGE_TXABORT| PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXCLEAR| PURGE_RXCLEAR ) ; //清收发缓冲区
//以下初始化结构变量CommTimeOuts, 设置超时参数 CommTimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 0×FFFFFFFF ;
CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 4000;
CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant =