InputStream & OutputStream V.S. Reader & Writer

常用的读入操作方法：
1)BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filename));
2)DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filename)));
3)BufferedReader stdin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

InputStream & OutputStream V.S. Reader & Writer
它们是二个不同的I/O体系，前者的出现先于后者。有适配器沟通二者：InputStreamReader & OutputStreamReader。
FileInputStream是InputStream的直接子类，BufferedInputStream和DataInputStream是FilterInputStream的直接子类。而FilterInputStream也是InputStream的直接子类，这个类的所有子类是用来拓展InputStream的属性和接口，以提供一些方便的操作。