from __future__ import division
from bisect import insort
from collections import deque, OrderedDict
from functools import reduce
from heapq import heapify, heappop, heappush
from math import ceil
from blist import blist, sorteddict, sortedlist
def intceil(x): # superfluous in Python 3, ceil is sufficient
return int(ceil(x))
class Scheduler:
def next_internal_event(self):
return None
class PS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self):
self.running = set()
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size):
self.running.add(jobid)
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
try:
self.running.remove(jobid)
except KeyError:
raise ValueError("dequeuing missing job")
def schedule(self, t):
running = self.running
if running:
share = 1 / len(running)
return {jobid: share for jobid in running}
else:
return {}
class GPS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self):
self.running = {}
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size, priority=1):
self.running[jobid] = priority
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
try:
del self.running[jobid]
except KeyError:
raise ValueError("dequeuing missing job")
def schedule(self, t):
running = self.running
if running:
share = 1 / sum(running.values())
return {jobid: weight * share for jobid, weight in running.items()}
else:
return {}
class FIFO(Scheduler):
def __init__(self):
self.jobs = deque()
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size):
self.jobs.append(jobid)
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
try:
self.jobs.remove(jobid)
except ValueError:
raise ValueError("dequeuing missing job")
def schedule(self, t):
jobs = self.jobs
if jobs:
return {jobs[0]: 1}
else:
return {}
class SRPT(Scheduler):
def __init__(self):
self.jobs = []
self.last_t = 0
def update(self, t):
delta = t - self.last_t
if delta == 0:
return
jobs = self.jobs
if jobs:
jobs[0][0] -= delta
self.last_t = t
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, job_size):
self.update(t)
heappush(self.jobs, [job_size, jobid])
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
jobs = self.jobs
self.update(t)
# common case: we dequeue the running job
if jobid == jobs[0][1]:
heappop(jobs)
return
# we still care if we dequeue a job not running (O(n)) --
# could be made more efficient, but still O(n) because of the
# search, by exploiting heap properties (i.e., local heappop)
try:
idx = next(i for i, v in jobs if v[1] == jobid)
except StopIteration:
raise ValueError("dequeuing missing job")
jobs[idx], jobs[-1] = jobs[-1], jobs[idx]
jobs.pop()
heapify(jobs)
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
jobs = self.jobs
if jobs:
return {jobs[0][1]: 1}
else:
return {}
class SRPT_plus_PS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self, eps=1e-6):
self.jobs = []
self.last_t = 0
self.late = set()
self.eps = eps
def update(self, t):
delta = t - self.last_t
jobs = self.jobs
delta /= 1 + len(self.late) # key difference with SRPT #1
if jobs:
jobs[0][0] -= delta
while jobs and jobs[0][0] < self.eps:
_, jobid = heappop(jobs)
self.late.add(jobid)
self.last_t = t
def next_internal_event(self):
jobs = self.jobs
if not jobs:
return None
return jobs[0][0] * (1 + len(self.late))
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
jobs = self.jobs
late = self.late
scheduled = late.copy() # key difference with SRPT #2
if jobs:
scheduled.add(jobs[0][1])
if not scheduled:
return {}
share = 1 / len(scheduled)
return {jobid: share for jobid in scheduled}
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, job_size):
self.update(t)
heappush(self.jobs, [job_size, jobid])
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
self.update(t)
late = self.late
if jobid in late:
late.remove(jobid)
return
# common case: we dequeue the running job
jobs = self.jobs
if jobid == jobs[0][1]:
heappop(jobs)
return
# we still care if we dequeue a job not running (O(n)) --
# could be made more efficient, but still O(n) because of the
# search, by exploiting heap properties (i.e., local heappop)
try:
idx = next(i for i, v in jobs if v[1] == jobid)
except StopIteration:
raise ValueError("dequeuing missing job")
jobs[idx], jobs[-1] = jobs[-1], jobs[idx]
jobs.pop()
heapify(jobs)
class FSP(Scheduler):
def __init__(self, eps=1e-6):
# [remaining, jobid] queue for the *virtual* scheduler
self.queue = blist()
# Jobs that should have finished in the virtual time,
# but didn't in the real (happens only in case of estimation
# errors)
# Keys are jobids (ordered by the time they became late), values are
# not significant.
self.late = OrderedDict()
# last time we run the schedule function
self.last_t = 0
# Jobs that are running in the real time
self.running = set()
# Jobs that have less than eps work to do are considered done
# (deals with floating point imprecision)
self.eps = eps
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size):
self.update(t) # needed to age only existing jobs in the virtual queue
insort(self.queue, [size, jobid])
self.running.add(jobid)
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
# the job remains in the virtual scheduler!
self.running.remove(jobid)
late = self.late
if jobid in late:
late.pop(jobid)
def update(self, t):
delta = t - self.last_t
queue = self.queue
if queue:
running = self.running
late = self.late
eps = self.eps
fair_share = delta / len(queue)
fair_plus_eps = fair_share + eps
# jobs in queue[:idx] are done in the virtual scheduler
idx = 0
for vrem, jobid in queue:
if vrem > fair_plus_eps:
break
idx += 1
if jobid in running:
late[jobid] = True
if idx:
del queue[:idx]
if fair_share > 0:
for vrem_jobid in queue:
vrem_jobid[0] -= fair_share
self.last_t = t
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
late = self.late
if late:
return {next(iter(late)): 1}
running = self.running
if not running:
return {}
jobid = next(jobid for _, jobid in self.queue if jobid in running)
return {jobid: 1}
def next_internal_event(self):
queue = self.queue
if not queue:
return None
return queue[0][0] * len(queue)
class FSP_plus_PS(FSP):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
FSP.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.late = dict(self.late) # we don't need the order anymore!
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
late = self.late
if late:
share = 1 / len(late)
return {jobid: share for jobid in late}
running = self.running
if not running:
return {}
jobid = next(jobid for _, jobid in self.queue if jobid in running)
return {jobid: 1}
class FSPE_PS_DC(FSP_plus_PS):
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
queue = self.queue
running = self.running
scheduled = set(self.late)
try:
scheduled.add(next(jobid for _, jobid in self.queue
if jobid in running))
except StopIteration:
pass
if scheduled:
share = 1 / len(scheduled)
return {jobid: share for jobid in scheduled}
else:
return {}
class LAS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self, eps=1e-6):
# job attained service is represented as (real attained service // eps)
# (not perfectly precise but avoids problems with floats)
self.eps = eps
# sorted dictionary for {attained: {jobid}}
self.queue = sorteddict()
# {jobid: attained} dictionary
self.attained = {}
# result of the last time the schedule() method was called
# grouped by {attained: [service, {jobid}]}
self.scheduled = {}
# This is the entry point for doing XXX + LAS schedulers:
# it's sufficient to touch here
# last time when the schedule was changed
self.last_t = 0
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size):
self.queue.setdefault(0, set()).add(jobid)
self.attained[jobid] = 0
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
att = self.attained.pop(jobid)
q = self.queue[att]
if len(q) == 1:
del self.queue[att]
else:
q.remove(jobid)
def update(self, t):
delta = intceil((t - self.last_t) / self.eps)
queue = self.queue
attained = self.attained
set_att = set(attained)
for att, sub_schedule in self.scheduled.items():
jobids = reduce(set.union, (jobids for _, jobids in sub_schedule))
# remove jobs from queue
try:
q_att = queue[att]
except KeyError:
pass # all jobids have terminated
else:
q_att -= jobids
if not q_att:
del queue[att]
# recompute attained values, re-put in queue,
# and update values in attained
for service, jobids in sub_schedule:
jobids &= set_att # exclude completed jobs
if not jobids:
continue
new_att = att + intceil(service * delta)
# let's coalesce pieces of work differing only by eps, to avoid
# rounding errors
attvals = [new_att, new_att - 1, new_att + 1]
try:
new_att = next(v for v in attvals if v in queue)
except StopIteration:
pass
queue.setdefault(new_att, set()).update(jobids)
for jobid in jobids:
attained[jobid] = new_att
self.last_t = t
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
try:
attained, jobids = self.queue.items()[0]
except IndexError:
service = 0
jobids = set()
self.scheduled = {}
else:
service = 1 / len(jobids)
self.scheduled = {attained: [(service, jobids.copy())]}
return {jobid: service for jobid in jobids}
def next_internal_event(self):
queue = self.queue
if len(queue) >= 2:
qitems = queue.items()
running_attained, running_jobs = qitems[0]
waiting_attained, _ = qitems[1]
diff = waiting_attained - running_attained
return diff * len(running_jobs) * self.eps
else:
return None
class SRPT_plus_LAS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self, eps=1e-6):
# job that should have finished, but didn't
# (because of estimation errors)
self.late = set()
# [remaining, jobid] heap for the SRPT scheduler
self.queue = sortedlist()
# last time we run the update function
self.last_t = 0
# Jobs that have less than eps work to do are considered done
# (deals with floating point imprecision)
self.eps = eps
# {jobid: att} where att is jobid's attained service
self.attained = {}
# queue for late jobs, sorted by attained service
self.late_queue = sorteddict()
# last result of calling the schedule function
self.scheduled = {}
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size):
size_int = intceil(size / self.eps)
self.queue.add([size_int, jobid])
self.attained[jobid] = 0
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
att = self.attained.pop(jobid)
late = self.late
if jobid in late:
late_queue = self.late_queue
late.remove(jobid)
latt = late_queue[att]
if len(latt) == 1:
del late_queue[att]
else:
latt.remove(jobid)
else:
queue = self.queue
for i, (_, jid) in enumerate(queue):
if jid == jobid:
del queue[i]
break
def update(self, t):
attained = self.attained
eps = self.eps
late = self.late
late_queue = self.late_queue
queue = self.queue
scheduled = self.scheduled
delta = intceil((t - self.last_t) / eps)
# Real attained service
def qinsert(jobid, att):
# coalesce pieces of work differing only by eps to avoid rounding
# errors -- return the chosen attained work value
attvals = [att, att - 1, att + 1]
try:
att = next(v for v in attvals if v in late_queue)
except StopIteration:
late_queue[att] = {jobid}
else:
late_queue[att].add(jobid)
return att
for jobid, service in scheduled.items():
try:
old_att = self.attained[jobid]
except KeyError: # dequeued job
continue
work = intceil(delta * service)
new_att = old_att + work
if jobid in self.late:
l_old = late_queue[old_att]
l_old.remove(jobid)
if not l_old:
del late_queue[old_att]
new_att = qinsert(jobid, new_att)
else:
idx, rem = next((i, r) for i, (r, jid)
in enumerate(queue)
if jid == jobid)
new_rem = rem - work
if new_rem <= 0:
del queue[idx]
late.add(jobid)
new_att = qinsert(jobid, new_att)
else:
if idx == 0:
queue[0][0] = new_rem
else:
del queue[idx]
queue.add([new_rem, jobid])
attained[jobid] = new_att
self.last_t = t
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
queue = self.queue
late_queue = self.late_queue
jobs = {queue[0][1]} if queue else set()
if late_queue:
jobs.update(next(iter(late_queue.values())))
if jobs:
service = 1 / len(jobs)
res = {jobid: service for jobid in jobs}
else:
res = {}
self.scheduled = res
return res
def next_internal_event(self):
queue = self.queue
if queue:
return queue[0][0] * (len(self.late) + 1) * self.eps
class FSP_plus_LAS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self, eps=1e-6):
# [remaining, jobid] queue for the *virtual* scheduler
self.queue = blist()
# Jobs that should have finished in the virtual time,
# but didn't in the real (happens only in case of estimation
# errors)
self.late = set()
# last time we run the schedule function
self.last_t = 0
# Jobs that are running in the real time
self.running = set()
# Jobs that have less than eps work to do are considered done
# (deals with floating point imprecision)
self.eps = eps
# queue for late jobs, sorted by attained service
self.late_queue = sorteddict()
# {jobid: att} where att is jobid's attained service
self.attained = {}
# last result of calling the schedule function
self.scheduled = {}
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size):
self.update(t) # needed to age only existing jobs in the virtual queue
insort(self.queue, [intceil(size / self.eps), jobid])
self.running.add(jobid)
self.attained[jobid] = 0
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
late = self.late
self.running.remove(jobid)
if jobid in late:
late_queue = self.late_queue
late.remove(jobid)
att = self.attained[jobid]
latt = late_queue[att]
if len(latt) == 1:
del late_queue[att]
else:
latt.remove(jobid)
def update(self, t):
attained = self.attained
eps = self.eps
late = self.late
late_queue = self.late_queue
queue = self.queue
delta = intceil((t - self.last_t) / eps)
# Real attained service
def qinsert(jobid, att):
# coalesce pieces of work differing only by eps to avoid rounding
# errors -- return the chosen attained work value
attvals = [att, att - 1, att + 1]
try:
att = next(v for v in attvals if v in late_queue)
except StopIteration:
late_queue[att] = {jobid}
else:
late_queue[att].add(jobid)
return att
if delta:
for jobid, service in self.scheduled.items():
if jobid in self.late:
old_att = self.attained[jobid]
l_old = late_queue[old_att]
l_old.remove(jobid)
if not l_old:
del late_queue[old_att]
new_att = old_att + intceil(delta * service)
new_att = qinsert(jobid, new_att)
attained[jobid] = new_att
else:
attained[jobid] += intceil(delta * service)
# Virtual scheduler
if queue:
running = self.running
fair_share = intceil(delta / len(queue))
fair_plus_eps = fair_share + 1
# jobs in queue[:idx] are done in the virtual scheduler
idx = 0
for vrem, jobid in queue:
if vrem > fair_plus_eps:
break
idx += 1
if jobid in running:
late.add(jobid)
attained[jobid] = qinsert(jobid, attained[jobid])
if idx:
del queue[:idx]
if fair_share > 0:
for vrem_jobid in queue:
vrem_jobid[0] -= fair_share
self.last_t = t
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
late_queue = self.late_queue
running = self.running
if late_queue:
jobs = next(iter(late_queue.values()))
service = 1 / len(jobs)
res = {jobid: service for jobid in jobs}
elif not running:
res = {}
else:
jobid = next(jobid for _, jobid in self.queue if jobid in running)
res = {jobid: 1}
self.scheduled = res
return res
def next_internal_event(self):
eps = self.eps
late_queue = self.late_queue
queue = self.queue
res = None
if queue:
# time at which a job becomes late
res = queue[0][0] * len(queue) * eps
if len(late_queue) >= 2:
# time at which scheduled late jobs reach the service of
# others
qitems = late_queue.items()
running_attained, running_jobs = qitems[0]
waiting_attained, _ = qitems[1]
diff = waiting_attained - running_attained
delta = diff * len(running_jobs) * eps
if not res or res > delta:
res = delta
return res
class PSBS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self, eps=1e-6):
# heap of (gtime, jobid, weight) for the virtual time
self.queue = []
# heap of (gtime, jobid, weight) for jobs that are in the virtual
# time, done in the real time and were at the head of
# self.queue
self.early = []
# time allotted to the "ghost job"
self.gtime = 0
# {jobid: weight} for jobs that are finished in the virtual
# time, but not in the real (happens only in case of
# estimation errors)
self.late = {}
# last time we run the update method
self.last_t = 0
# Jobs that are running in the real time
self.running = set()
# Jobs that have less than eps work to do in virtual time are
# considered done (deals with floating point imprecision)
self.eps = eps
# equivalent to sum(late.values())
self.late_w = 0
# equivalent to sum(w for _, _, w in queue + early)
self.virtual_w = 0
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size, w=1):
if w <= 0:
raise ValueError("w needs to be positive")
self.update(t) # we need to age only existing jobs in the virtual queue
heappush(self.queue, (self.gtime + size / w, jobid, w))
self.virtual_w += w
self.running.add(jobid)
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
# job remains in the virtual time!
self.running.remove(jobid)
late = self.late
if jobid in self.late:
self.late_w -= late[jobid]
del late[jobid]
def update(self, t):
delta = t - self.last_t
virtual_w = self.virtual_w
if self.virtual_w > 0:
queue = self.queue
early = self.early
running = self.running
late = self.late
fair_share = delta / virtual_w
self.gtime = gtime = self.gtime + fair_share
gtime_plus_eps = gtime + self.eps
# deal with jobs that are done in the virtual scheduler
while queue and queue[0][0] < gtime_plus_eps:
_, jobid, w = heappop(queue)
self.virtual_w -= w
if jobid in running:
late[jobid] = w
self.late_w += w
while early and early[0][0] < gtime_plus_eps:
_, _, w = heappop(early)
self.virtual_w -= w
# reset to avoid precision erros due to floating point
if not queue and not early:
self.virtual_w = 0
else:
assert self.virtual_w > 0
self.last_t = t
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
late = self.late
if late:
late_w = self.late_w
return {jobid: w / late_w for jobid, w in late.items()}
running = self.running
if not running:
return {}
queue = self.queue
early = self.early
while queue[0][1] not in running:
heappush(early, heappop(queue))
return {queue[0][1]: 1}
def next_internal_event(self):
virtual_w = self.virtual_w
if virtual_w == 0:
return None
queue = self.queue
early = self.early
if queue:
if early:
v = min(queue[0][0], early[0][0])
else:
v = queue[0][0]
else:
v = early[0][0]
return (v - self.gtime) * self.virtual_w
WFQE_GPS = PSBS
class FSPE_PS(WFQE_GPS):
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, size, w=None):
super(FSPE_PS, self).enqueue(t, jobid, size, 1)
class WSRPTE_GPS(Scheduler):
def __init__(self, eps=1e-6):
self.jobs = []
self.last_t = 0
self.late = {}
self.late_w = 0
self.eps = eps
def update(self, t):
delta = t - self.last_t
jobs = self.jobs
if jobs:
rpt_over_w, w, _ = jobs[0]
work = delta / (w + self.late_w)
jobs[0][0] -= work / w
while jobs and jobs[0][0] < self.eps:
_, w, jobid = heappop(jobs)
self.late[jobid] = w
self.late_w += w
self.last_t = t
def next_internal_event(self):
jobs = self.jobs
if not jobs:
return None
rpt_over_w, w, _ = jobs[0]
return rpt_over_w * w * w / (w + self.late_w) # = rpt * w / (w + late_w)
def schedule(self, t):
self.update(t)
jobs = self.jobs
tot_w = self.late_w
if jobs:
_, w, jobid = jobs[0]
tot_w += w
schedule = {jobid: w / tot_w}
else:
schedule = {}
for jobid, w in self.late.items():
schedule[jobid] = w / tot_w
return schedule
def enqueue(self, t, jobid, job_size, w=1):
self.update(t)
heappush(self.jobs, [job_size / w, w, jobid])
def dequeue(self, t, jobid):
self.update(t)
late = self.late
if jobid in late:
del late[jobid]
return
# common case: we dequeue the running job
jobs = self.jobs
if jobid == jobs[0][2]:
heappop(jobs)
return
# we still care if we dequeue a job not running (O(n)) --
# could be made more efficient, but still O(n) because of the
# search, by exploiting heap properties (i.e., local heappop)
try:
idx = next(i for i, v in jobs if v[2] == jobid)
except StopIteration:
raise ValueError("dequeuing missing job")
jobs[idx], jobs[-1] = jobs[-1], jobs[idx]
jobs.pop()
heapify(jobs)
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