base3. Exception异常类

Exception类图

数据成员：

string message_：异常信息字符串
string stack_：异常发生时的调用函数的栈信息

成员函数：

explicit Exception(const char* what)：构造函数，用what初始化message_
explicit Exception(const string& what)：构造函数，用what初始化message_
virtual ~Exception() throw()：析构函数
virtual const char* what() const throw()：返回message_
const char* stackTrace() const throw()：返回stack_
void fillStackTrace()：在构造函数中调用，用来记录异常发生时栈回溯的信息

Exception.h

//Exception.h
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
// that can be found in the License file.
//
// Author: Shuo Chen (chenshuo at chenshuo dot com)

#ifndef MUDUO_BASE_EXCEPTION_H
#define MUDUO_BASE_EXCEPTION_H

#include <muduo/base/Types.h>
#include <exception>

namespace muduo
{

class Exception : public std::exception
{
 public:
  explicit Exception(const char* what);
  explicit Exception(const string& what);
  virtual ~Exception() throw();
  //返回message_
  virtual const char* what() const throw();
  //返回stack_
  const char* stackTrace() const throw();

 private:
  //在构造函数中调用，用来记录异常发生时栈回溯的信息
  void fillStackTrace();
  //还原函数名字
  string demangle(const char* symbol);
  //异常信息字符串
  string message_;
  //异常发生时的调用函数的栈信息
  string stack_;
};

}

#endif  // MUDUO_BASE_EXCEPTION_H

Exception.cc

// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
// that can be found in the License file.
//
// Author: Shuo Chen (chenshuo at chenshuo dot com)

#include <muduo/base/Exception.h>

#include <cxxabi.h>
#include <execinfo.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace muduo;

Exception::Exception(const char* msg)
  : message_(msg)
{
  fillStackTrace();
}

Exception::Exception(const string& msg)
  : message_(msg)
{
  fillStackTrace();
}

Exception::~Exception() throw ()
{
}

const char* Exception::what() const throw()
{
  return message_.c_str();
}

//
const char* Exception::stackTrace() const throw()
{
  return stack_.c_str();
}

//
void Exception::fillStackTrace()
{
  const int len = 200;
  //定义一个指针数组，指向
  void* buffer[len];
  //backtrace()栈回溯，保存各个栈帧的地址,返回值为指针的个数
  int nptrs = ::backtrace(buffer, len);
  //backtrace_symbols()根据地址，转成相应的函数名称
  char** strings = ::backtrace_symbols(buffer, nptrs);
  if (strings)
  {
    for (int i = 0; i < nptrs; ++i)
    {
      // TODO demangle funcion name with abi::__cxa_demangle
      //stack_.append(strings[i]);
	  //还原函数名字，之后append到stack_中
	  stack_.append(demangle(strings[i]));
      stack_.push_back('\n');
    }
    free(strings);
  }
}

string Exception::demangle(const char* symbol)
{
  size_t size;
  int status;
  char temp[128];
  char* demangled;
  //first, try to demangle a c++ name
  if (1 == sscanf(symbol, "%*[^(]%*[^_]%127[^)+]", temp)) {
    if (NULL != (demangled = abi::__cxa_demangle(temp, NULL, &size, &status))) {
      string result(demangled);
      free(demangled);
      return result;
    }
  }
  //if that didn't work, try to get a regular c symbol
  if (1 == sscanf(symbol, "%127s", temp)) {
    return temp;
  }
 
  //if all else fails, just return the symbol
  return symbol;
}