后端框架-MyBatis

MyBatis简介

mybatis 是一个优秀的基于java的持久层框架，它内部封装了jdbc，使开发者只需要关注sql语句本身，而不需要花费精力去处理加载驱动、创建连接、创建statement等繁杂的过程。
mybatis通过xml或注解的方式将要执行的各种 statement配置起来，并通过java对象和statement中sql的动态参数进行映射生成最终执行的sql语句。
最后mybatis框架执行sql并将结果映射为java对象并返回。采用ORM思想解决了实体和数据库映射的问题，对jdbc 进行了封装，屏蔽了jdbc api 底层访问细节，使我们不用与jdbc api 打交道，就可以完成对数据库的持久化操作。

xml配置方式开发步骤

1.导入MyBatis的坐标和其他相关坐标

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.32</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.创建user数据库表

3.编写User实体

package com.itheima.domain;

public class User {

    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
//省略get、set、toString方法...
}

4.编写映射文件UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="userMapper">

    <!--删除操作-->
    <delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
        delete from user where id=#{abc}
    </delete>

    <!--修改操作-->
    <update id="update" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
        update user set username=#{username},password=#{password} where id=#{id}
    </update>

    <!--插入操作-->
    <insert id="save" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
        insert into user values(#{id},#{username},#{password})
    </insert>

    <!--查询操作-->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="user">
        select * from user
    </select>

    <!--根据id进行查询-->
    <select id="findById" resultType="user" parameterType="int">
        select * from user where id=#{id}
    </select>

</mapper>

5.编写核心文件sqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--通过properties标签加载外部properties文件-->
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>

    <!--自定义别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="com.itheima.domain.User" alias="user"></typeAlias>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--数据源环境-->
    <environments default="developement">
        <environment id="developement">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    

    <!--加载映射文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/itheima/mapper/UserMapper.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>


</configuration>

6.编写测试代码MyBatisTest

 @Test
    //查询操作
    public void test1() throws IOException {
        //获得核心配置文件
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
        //获得session工厂对象
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        //获得session回话对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        //执行操作  参数：namespace+id
        List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("userMapper.findAll");
        //打印数据
        System.out.println(userList);
        //释放资源
        sqlSession.close();
    }

注解配置方式开发步骤

1.导入MyBatis的坐标和其他相关坐标

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.32</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
          <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
      <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
      <version>3.7.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.jsqlparser</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsqlparser</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1</version>
    </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.创建user数据库表

3.编写User实体

package com.itheima.domain;

public class User {

    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
//省略get、set、toString方法...
}

4.编写UserMapper接口

public interface UserMapper {
 @Select("select * from user")
    public List<User> findAll();
    }

一对多注解开发：

  @Select("select * from user")
    @Results({
            @Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "id"),
            @Result(column = "username",property = "username"),
            @Result(column = "password",property = "password"),
            @Result(
                    property = "orderList",
                    column = "id",
                    javaType = List.class,
                    many = @Many(select ="com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid")

            )
    })

5.编写核心文件sqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--通过properties标签加载外部properties文件-->
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>

    <!--定义别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="com.itheima.domain.User" alias="user"></typeAlias>
        <typeAlias type="com.itheima.domain.Order" alias="order"></typeAlias>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--数据源的环境-->
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>

        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--加载映射关系-->
    <mappers>
        <!--指定接口所在的包-->
        <package name="com.itheima.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

6.编写测试代码MyBatisTest

public class MyBatisTest {

    private UserMapper mapper;

    @Before
    public void before() throws IOException {
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

    }
   
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
        for (User user : all) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

    } 
}