vim编辑器的定义

参考： https://missing-semester-cn.github.io/2020/editors/

替换~/.vimrc

" Comments in Vimscript start with a `"`.

" If you open this file in Vim, it'll be syntax highlighted for you.

" Vim is based on Vi. Setting `nocompatible` switches from the default
" Vi-compatibility mode and enables useful Vim functionality. This
" configuration option turns out not to be necessary for the file named
" '~/.vimrc', because Vim automatically enters nocompatible mode if that file
" is present. But we're including it here just in case this config file is
" loaded some other way (e.g. saved as `foo`, and then Vim started with
" `vim -u foo`).
set nocompatible

" Turn on syntax highlighting.
syntax on

set rtp+=~/.vim/autoload
call plug#begin()
Plug 'preservim/nerdtree'
call plug#end()
" nerdtree
nnoremap <Leader>n :NERDTreeToggle<CR> "(leader) '\'
nnoremap <Leader>f :NERDTreeFind<CR>


"highlight current line, but only in active window
augroup CursorLineOnlyInActiveWindow
    autocmd!
    autocmd VimEnter,WinEnter,BufWinEnter * setlocal cursorline
    autocmd WinLeave * setlocal nocursorline
augroup END

" vim can autodetect this based on $TERM (e.g. 'xterm-256color')
" but it can be set to force 256 colors
"set t_Co=256
"if has('gui_running')
"    colorscheme solarized
"    let g:lightline = {'colorscheme': 'solarized'}
"elseif &t_Co < 256
"    colorscheme default
"    set nocursorline " looks bad in this mode
"else
    set background=dark
    let g:solarized_termcolors=256 " instead of 16 color with mapping in terminal
    "colorscheme solarized
    " customized colors
    highlight SignColumn ctermbg=234
    highlight StatusLine cterm=bold ctermfg=245 ctermbg=235
    highlight StatusLineNC cterm=bold ctermfg=245 ctermbg=235
    let g:lightline = {'colorscheme': 'dark'}
    highlight SpellBad cterm=underline
    " patches
    highlight CursorLineNr cterm=NONE
"endif

filetype plugin indent on " enable file type detection
set autoindent


"---------------------
" Basic editing config
"---------------------
" Disable the default Vim startup message.
set shortmess+=I

" Show line numbers.
set number

" This enables relative line numbering mode. With both number and
" relativenumber enabled, the current line shows the true line number, while
" all other lines (above and below) are numbered relative to the current line.
" This is useful because you can tell, at a glance, what count is needed to
" jump up or down to a particular line, by {count}k to go up or {count}j to go
" down.
set relativenumber " relative line numbering

" Always show the status line at the bottom, even if you only have one window open.
set laststatus=2

" The backspace key has slightly unintuitive behavior by default. For example,
" by default, you can't backspace before the insertion point set with 'i'.
" This configuration makes backspace behave more reasonably, in that you can
" backspace over anything.
set backspace=indent,eol,start

" By default, Vim doesn't let you hide a buffer (i.e. have a buffer that isn't
" shown in any window) that has unsaved changes. This is to prevent you from "
" forgetting about unsaved changes and then quitting e.g. via `:qa!`. We find
" hidden buffers helpful enough to disable this protection. See `:help hidden`
" for more information on this.
set hidden

" This setting makes search case-insensitive when all characters in the string
" being searched are lowercase. However, the search becomes case-sensitive if
" it contains any capital letters. This makes searching more convenient.
set ignorecase
set smartcase

" Enable searching as you type, rather than waiting till you press enter.
set incsearch
set hls " highlight search

set listchars=tab:>>,nbsp:~ " set list to see tabs and non-breakable spaces
set lbr " line break
set scrolloff=5 " show lines above and below cursor (when possible)
set noshowmode " hide mode
set laststatus=2
set backspace=indent,eol,start " allow backspacing over everything
set timeout timeoutlen=1000 ttimeoutlen=100 " fix slow O inserts
set lazyredraw " skip redrawing screen in some cases
set autochdir " automatically set current directory to directory of last opened file
set hidden " allow auto-hiding of edited buffers
set history=8192 " more history
set nojoinspaces " suppress inserting two spaces between sentences

" use 4 spaces instead of tabs during formatting
set expandtab
set tabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set softtabstop=4
" smart case-sensitive search
set ignorecase
set smartcase
" tab completion for files/bufferss
set wildmode=longest,list
set wildmenu
set mouse+=a " enable mouse mode (scrolling, selection, etc)
if &term =~ '^screen'
    " tmux knows the extended mouse mode
    set ttymouse=xterm2
endif
set nofoldenable " disable folding by default

" open new split panes to right and bottom, which feels more natural
set splitbelow
set splitright


" quicker window movement
nnoremap <C-j> <C-w>j
nnoremap <C-k> <C-w>k
nnoremap <C-h> <C-w>h
nnoremap <C-l> <C-w>l

" movement relative to display lines
nnoremap <silent> <Leader>d :call ToggleMovementByDisplayLines()<CR>
function SetMovementByDisplayLines()
    noremap <buffer> <silent> <expr> k v:count ? 'k' : 'gk'
    noremap <buffer> <silent> <expr> j v:count ? 'j' : 'gj'
    noremap <buffer> <silent> 0 g0
    noremap <buffer> <silent> $ g$
endfunction
function ToggleMovementByDisplayLines()
    if !exists('b:movement_by_display_lines')
        let b:movement_by_display_lines = 0
    endif
    if b:movement_by_display_lines
        let b:movement_by_display_lines = 0
        silent! nunmap <buffer> k
        silent! nunmap <buffer> j
        silent! nunmap <buffer> 0
        silent! nunmap <buffer> $
    else
        let b:movement_by_display_lines = 1
        call SetMovementByDisplayLines()
    endif
endfunction

" toggle relative numbering
nnoremap <C-n> :set rnu!<CR>

" save read-only files
command -nargs=0 Sudow w !sudo tee % >/dev/null


" Unbind some useless/annoying default key bindings.
nmap Q <Nop> " 'Q' in normal mode enters Ex mode. You almost never want this.

" Disable audible bell because it's annoying.
set noerrorbells visualbell t_vb=


" Enable mouse support. You should avoid relying on this too much, but it can
" sometimes be convenient.
set mouse+=a
set clipboard=unnamed

" Try to prevent bad habits like using the arrow keys for movement. This is
" not the only possible bad habit. For example, holding down the h/j/k/l keys
" for movement, rather than using more efficient movement commands, is also a
" bad habit. The former is enforceable through a .vimrc, while we don't know
" how to prevent the latter.
" Do this in normal mode...
"#nnoremap <Left>  :echoe "Use h"<CR>
"noremap <Right> :echoe "Use l"<CR>
"nnoremap <Up>    :echoe "Use k"<CR>
"nnoremap <Down>  :echoe "Use j"<CR>
" ...and in insert mode
"inoremap <Left>  <ESC>:echoe "Use h"<CR>
"inoremap <Right> <ESC>:echoe "Use l"<CR>
"inoremap <Up>    <ESC>:echoe "Use k"<CR>
"inoremap <Down>  <ESC>:echoe "Use j"<CR>

Vim 设置 (Anish, Jon (uses neovim), Jose)

扩展 Vim

Vim 有很多扩展插件。 跟很多互联网上已经过时的建议相反， 你 不 需要在 Vim 使用一个插件 管理器（从 Vim 8.0 开始）。 你可以使用内置的插件管理系统。 只需要创建一个 ~/.vim/pack/vendor/start/ 的文件夹， 然后把插件放到这里 （比如通过 git clone）。

以下是一些我们最爱的插件：

ctrlp.vim: 模糊文件查找
ack.vim: 代码搜索
nerdtree: 文件浏览器
vim-easymotion: 魔术操作
我们尽量避免在这里提供一份冗长的插件列表。 你可以查看讲师们的开源的配置文件 (Anish, Jon, Jose) 来看看我们使用的其他插件。 浏览 Vim Awesome 来了解一些很棒的插件。 这个话题也有很多博客文章： 搜索 “best Vim plugins”。

安装nerdtree 文件浏览器
安装vim PLug 管理器

mkdir ~/.vim/autoload/
cd ~/.vim/autoload/
wget https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug/blob/master/plug.vim

在 ～/.vimrc 内部增加

set rtp+=~/.vim/autoload
call plug#begin()
Plug 'preservim/nerdtree'
call plug#end()

" nerdtree
nnoremap <Leader>n :NERDTreeToggle<CR> "(leader) '\'
nnoremap <Leader>f :NERDTreeFind<CR>

关闭～/.vimrc

执行：

:PlugInstall

#快捷方式 切换工作台和目录

ctrl + w + h    光标 focus 左侧树形目录
ctrl + w + l    光标 focus 右侧文件显示窗口
ctrl + w + w    光标自动在左右侧窗口切换
ctrl + w + r    移动当前窗口的布局位置
o       在已有窗口中打开文件、目录或书签，并跳到该窗口
go      在已有窗口 中打开文件、目录或书签，但不跳到该窗口
t       在新 Tab 中打开选中文件/书签，并跳到新 Tab
T       在新 Tab 中打开选中文件/书签，但不跳到新 Tab
i       split 一个新窗口打开选中文件，并跳到该窗口
gi      split 一个新窗口打开选中文件，但不跳到该窗口
s       vsplit 一个新窗口打开选中文件，并跳到该窗口
gs      vsplit 一个新 窗口打开选中文件，但不跳到该窗口
!       执行当前文件
O       递归打开选中 结点下的所有目录
x       合拢选中结点的父目录
X       递归 合拢选中结点下的所有目录
e       Edit the current dif
双击    相当于 NERDTree-o
中键    对文件相当于 NERDTree-i，对目录相当于 NERDTree-e
D       删除当前书签
P       跳到根结点
p       跳到父结点
K       跳到当前目录下同级的第一个结点
J       跳到当前目录下同级的最后一个结点
k       跳到当前目录下同级的前一个结点
j       跳到当前目录下同级的后一个结点
C       将选中目录或选中文件的父目录设为根结点
u       将当前根结点的父目录设为根目录，并变成合拢原根结点
U       将当前根结点的父目录设为根目录，但保持展开原根结点
r       递归刷新选中目录
R       递归刷新根结点
m       显示文件系统菜单
cd      将 CWD 设为选中目录
I       切换是否显示隐藏文件
f       切换是否使用文件过滤器
F       切换是否显示文件
B       切换是否显示书签
q       关闭 NerdTree 窗口
?       切换是否显示 Quick Help

切换标签页

:tabnew [++opt选项] ［＋cmd］ 文件      建立对指定文件新的tab
:tabc   关闭当前的 tab
:tabo   关闭所有其他的 tab
:tabs   查看所有打开的 tab
:tabp   前一个 tab
:tabn   后一个 tab

不同的用户设置使用不同vimrc

vim -Nu ~/.vimrc_custom

alias myvim='vim -Nu ~/.vimrc_custom'