MySQL_12视图

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 22:59:30 发布

TSCCG

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 22:59:30 发布

阅读量83

点赞数

分类专栏： MySQL 文章标签： mysql sql 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/TSCCG/article/details/119082473

版权

MySQL 专栏收录该内容

16 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

MySQL_12视图

1.什么是视图？

视图(view)是根据DQL语句语句(select语句)定义的数据库对象，用于获取想看到和使用的局部数据。
视图有时也被称为虚拟表。
视图可以从常规表(基表)或其他视图中查询数据。
修改视图中的数据同时也会修改原表中的数据。
相对于直接从基表中获取数据，视图访问数据更简单，且可以对不同用户显示不同表的内容。

2.视图的创建和删除

将dept表复制一份：

mysql> create table dept2 as select * from dept;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 4  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from dept2;
+--------+------------+----------+
| DEPTNO | DNAME      | LOC      |
+--------+------------+----------+
|     10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
|     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
|     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
|     40 | OPERATIONS | BOSTON   |
+--------+------------+----------+

创建视图对象：

mysql> create view dept2_view as select * from dept2;

删除视图对象：

drop view dept2_view;

注意：创建视图对象只能用DQL语句。

3.视图的作用

我们可以面向视图对象进行增删查改，对视图对象的增删查改，会导致原表数据被修改。

3.1案例1：通过视图对dept2表数据进行操作

查看dept2原表数据：

mysql> select * from dept2;
+--------+------------+----------+
| DEPTNO | DNAME      | LOC      |
+--------+------------+----------+
|     10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
|     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
|     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
|     40 | OPERATIONS | BOSTON   |
+--------+------------+----------+

在原表的视图对象dept2_view上插入一条新的记录：

mysql> insert into dept2_view(deptno,dname,loc) values(50,'LLLLL','HeNan');

再次查看dept2原表：

mysql> select * from dept2;
+--------+------------+----------+
| DEPTNO | DNAME      | LOC      |
+--------+------------+----------+
|     10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
|     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
|     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
|     40 | OPERATIONS | BOSTON   |
|     50 | LLLLL      | HeNan    |
+--------+------------+----------+

3.2案例2：创建连接两个表的视图修改emp表中数据

创建视图对象emp_dept_view，显示员工表、员工薪资以及员工所在的部门名：

create view emp_dept_view
as
select e.ename,e.sal,d.dname
from emp e
join dept d
on e.deptno = d.deptno;

查看视图对象：

mysql> select * from emp_dept_view;
+--------+---------+------------+
| ename  | sal     | dname      |
+--------+---------+------------+
| CLARK  | 2450.00 | ACCOUNTING |
| KING   | 5000.00 | ACCOUNTING |
| MILLER | 1300.00 | ACCOUNTING |
| SMITH  |  800.00 | RESEARCH   |
| JONES  | 2975.00 | RESEARCH   |
| SCOTT  | 3000.00 | RESEARCH   |
| ADAMS  | 1100.00 | RESEARCH   |
| FORD   | 3000.00 | RESEARCH   |
| ALLEN  | 1600.00 | SALES      |
| WARD   | 1250.00 | SALES      |
| MARTIN | 1250.00 | SALES      |
| BLAKE  | 2850.00 | SALES      |
| TURNER | 1500.00 | SALES      |
| JAMES  |  950.00 | SALES      |
+--------+---------+------------+
14 rows in set (0.02 sec)

面向视图修改，将所有部门为ACCOUNTING的员工薪水改为0：

update emp_dept_view set sal = 0 where dname = 'ACCOUNTING';

查看emp原表数据：

mysql> select * from emp;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL     | COMM    | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+
|  7369 | SMITH  | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800.00 |    NULL |     20 |
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600.00 |  300.00 |     30 |
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250.00 |  500.00 |     30 |
|  7566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975.00 |    NULL |     20 |
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250.00 | 1400.00 |     30 |
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850.00 |    NULL |     30 |
|  7782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 |    0.00 |    NULL |     10 |
|  7788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 | 3000.00 |    NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 |    0.00 |    NULL |     10 |
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500.00 |    0.00 |     30 |
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-05-23 | 1100.00 |    NULL |     20 |
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950.00 |    NULL |     30 |
|  7902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000.00 |    NULL |     20 |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1982-01-23 |    0.00 |    NULL |     10 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)