151. 颠倒字符串中的单词

给定一个字符串，逐个翻转字符串中的每个单词。

示例 1：

输入: "the sky is blue"   
输出: "blue is sky the"    

示例 2：

输入: "  hello world!  "   
输出: "world! hello"      
解释: 输入字符串可以在前面或者后面包含多余的空格，但是反转后的字符不能包括。 

示例 3：

输入: "a good   example"  
输出: "example good a"     
解释: 如果两个单词间有多余的空格，将反转后单词间的空格减少到只含一个。

class Solution {
    public String reverseWords(String s) {
        // 除去开头和末尾的空白字符
        s = s.trim();
        // 正则匹配连续的空白字符作为分隔符分割
        List<String> wordList = Arrays.asList(s.split("\\s+"));
        Collections.reverse(wordList);
        return String.join(" ", wordList);
    }
}

解题思路如下：

• 移除多余空格
• 将整个字符串反转
• 将每个单词反转

class Solution {
    public String reverseWords(String s) {
        StringBuffer sb = removeSpace(s);
        reverseString(sb, 0, sb.length() - 1);
        reverseEachWord(sb);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private StringBuffer removeSpace(String s){
        int left = 0;
        int right = s.length() - 1;
        while(s.charAt(left) == ' ') left++;
        while(s.charAt(right) == ' ') right--;
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        while(left <= right){
            char c = s.charAt(left);
            if(c != ' ' || sb.charAt(sb.length() - 1) != ' '){ // 如果StringBuffer的最后一个元素不为" "
                sb.append(c);
            }
            left++;
        }
        return sb;
    }

    private void reverseString(StringBuffer sb, int left, int right){
        while(left < right){
            char temp = sb.charAt(left);
            sb.setCharAt(left, sb.charAt(right)) ;
            sb.setCharAt(right, temp);
            left++;
            right--;
        }
    }

    public void reverseEachWord(StringBuffer sb){
        int slowindex = 0;
        int fastindex = 0;
        while(fastindex < sb.length()){
            if(sb.charAt(fastindex) == ' '){
                reverseString(sb, slowindex, fastindex - 1);
                slowindex = fastindex + 1;
            }
            fastindex++;
        }
        reverseString(sb, slowindex, fastindex - 1);
    }
}