综合配置之静态路由详解实验

雨凝1213

已于 2024-09-12 15:56:18 修改

阅读量53

点赞数

文章标签：网络运维

于 2023-10-13 22:27:48 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/TYM121380/article/details/133818612

版权

要求

1 ：R6为isp,接口IP地址均为公有地址;该设备只能配置IP地址，之后不能冉对其进行其他任何配置;
2 ：R1-R5为局域网，私有IP地址192.168.1./24，请合理分配;
3 ：R1，R2，R4，各有两个环回地址;5，R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口:
4：R3下的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取P地址;
5 ：选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路;
6 ：R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7 ：R6telnetR5的公有IP地址时，实际登陆到R1上;
8 ：R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100M链路

分析

1：子网划分

2：环回地址

3：子网汇总

4：配置NAT

5：修改路由条目优先级

配置

R1
接口IP地址配置：
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.13 255.255.255.252 

环回地址配置：
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 192.168.1.33 255.255.255.240 
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.1.49 255.255.255.240 

静态路由配置：
ip route-static 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14
ip route-static 12.0.0.128 255.255.255.128 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 12.0.0.128 255.255.255.128 192.168.1.14
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.14
ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14
ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.16 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14
ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14
ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14

汇总：
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.14


R2
接口IP地址配置：
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.252

环回地址配置：
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.240 
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.1.81 255.255.255.240 

静态路由配置：
ip route-static 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 12.0.0.128 255.255.255.128 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1
ip route-static 192.168.1.16 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1

汇总：
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1


R3
DHCP服务，配置地址池并开启服务：
ip pool a
 gateway-list 192.168.1.161 192.168.1.162 
 network 192.168.1.160 mask 255.255.255.240 
 dns-list 114.114.114.114 
dhcp enable

接口开启DHCP服务：
 dhcp select global

接口IP地址配置：
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.14 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.17 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 192.168.1.25 255.255.255.252 

静态路由配置：
ip route-static 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18
ip route-static 12.0.0.128 255.255.255.128 192.168.1.18
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.13
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.18
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.13
ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18
ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18
ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18

汇总：
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.13
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.18


R4
接口IP地址配置：
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.18 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 192.168.1.9 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.21 255.255.255.252 

环回地址配置：
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 192.168.1.97 255.255.255.240 
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 192.168.1.113 255.255.255.240 

静态路由配置：
ip route-static 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.10
ip route-static 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.22 preference 70
ip route-static 12.0.0.128 255.255.255.128 192.168.1.22 preference 70
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.5
ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.17

修改路由条目优先级：
ip route-static 12.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.22 preference 70
ip route-static 12.0.0.128 255.255.255.128 192.168.1.22 preference 70


R5
接口IP地址配置：
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.252 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 192.168.1.22 255.255.255.252 

配置NAT并开启NAT服务：
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 nat static global 12.0.0.129 inside 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.255

环回地址配置：
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.240 


R6
接口IP地址配置：
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.252 

环回地址配置：
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 12.0.0.129 255.255.255.128

结果

全网可达：
<Huawei>ping 192.168.1.9
  PING 192.168.1.9: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=20 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=20 ms

  --- 192.168.1.9 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/32/60 ms

PC端自动获取IP地址：
PC>ipconfig

Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:fe68:4735
IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
IPv6 gateway......................: ::
IPv4 address......................: 192.168.1.26
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.252
Gateway...........................: 192.168.1.25
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-68-47-35
DNS server........................: