python 过滤序列元素

1.使用列表推导

>>> mylist = [1, 4, -5, 10, -7, 2, 3, -1]
>>> [n for n in mylist if n > 0]
[1, 4, 10, 2, 3]
>>> [n for n in mylist if n < 0]
[-5, -7, -1]

 

>>> mylist = [1, 4, -5, 10, -7, 2, 3, -1]
>>> import math
>>> [math.sqrt(n) for n in mylist if n > 0]
[1.0, 2.0, 3.1622776601683795, 1.4142135623730951, 1.7320508075688772]

2. 过滤操作的一个变种就是将不符合条件的值用新的值代替

>>> clip_neg = [n if n > 0 else 0 for n in mylist]
>>> clip_neg
[1, 4, 0, 10, 0, 2, 3, 0]
>>> clip_pos = [n if n < 0 else 0 for n in mylist]
>>> clip_pos
[0, 0, -5, 0, -7, 0, 0, -1]