REST风格的增删改查（2）

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-11 19:52:12 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-09-11 19:52:12 发布

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分类专栏： # SpringMvc 文章标签： rest

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/T_P_F/article/details/78943830

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一、源码
1.页面
index.jsp

    <a href="emps">List All Employee</a>
    <br><br>

list.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!-- SpringMVC 中没有遍历循环的标签，所以使用JSTL -->
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<!-- 
    1.使用RESTFUL风格的crud，其中需要将删除操作的请求方式改成DELETE，所以可以使用在web.xml文件中配置的Filter
将POST请求转化为DELETE请求，但是删除按钮是一个超链接，即GET请求，所以要使用JS处理GET请求。
    2.SpringMVC处理静态资源，优雅的REST风格的资源URL不希望带.html或.do等后缀，若将DispatcherServlet请求映射
配置为/，则SpringMVC将捕获web容器的所有请求，包括静态资源的请求，SpringMVC会把他们当成普通请求处理，因找不到对应的处理器
将导致错误。
    解决办法：在SpringMVC的配置文件中配置<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>的方式解决静资源的问题


 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){
        $(".delete").click(function(){
            var href = $(this).attr("href");
            $("form").attr("action", href).submit();
            return false;
        });
    })
</script>

</head>
<body>
    <br>
    <p align="center">员工信息管理</p>
    <br>
    <!-- 添加员工操作 -->
    <p align="center">
        <a href="emp">Add New Employee</a>
    </p>

    <!-- 将GET请求转化为POST请求 -->
    <form action="" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE" />
    </form>

    <!-- 首先判断跳转过来之前，请求域中是否包含有数据 -->
    <c:if test="${empty requestScope.employees}">
        没有任何员工信息
    </c:if>
    <!-- 请求域中包含的有数据 -->
    <c:if test="${!empty requestScope.employees}">
        <table border="1" cellspacing="0" align="center">
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>LastName</th>
                <th>Email</th>
                <th>Gender</th>
                <th>Departmet</th>
                <th>Edit</th>
                <th>Delete</th>
            </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${requestScope.employees }" var="emp">
            <tr>
                <td>${emp.id }</td>        
                <td>${emp.lastName }</td>      
                <td>${emp.email }</td>     
                <td>${emp.gender == 0 ? 'Female' : 'Male' }</td>       
                <td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>     
                <td><a href="emp/${emp.id }">Edit</a></td>     
                <td><a class="delete" href="emp/${emp.id }">Delete</a></td>        
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
        </table>
    </c:if>
</body>
</html>

input.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<!-- 使用SpringMVC的表单标签 -->
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

    <!-- 
        把表单提交的数据转换成Employee对象
     -->
    <form action="testConversionServiceConverer" method="POST">
        <!-- lastname-email-gender-department.id，例如：GG-gg@163.com-0-105 -->
        Employee：<input type="text" name="employee"/>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
    </form>
    <br><br>

    <!-- 
        1.该页面用于添加记录操作，同时又用于修改操作
        2.使用SpringMVC标签的好处：快速开发，方便表单值的回显 
        3.注意：可以通过modelAttribute属性指定绑定的模型属性，若没有指定该属性，则默认中request域对象中读取command表单的
        Bean，如果该属性值也不存在，则会发生错误。
    -->
    <form:form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/emp" method="POST" 
        modelAttribute="employee">
        <!-- 显示错误信息 -->
        <form:errors path="*"></form:errors>
        <br>
        <%-- <form:input path=""/>, 其中path属性对应着HTML表单标签中的name属性 --%>

        <!-- 判断是否有ID，因为这个页面是添加操作和修改操作一同使用的，所以使用有无ID来区别 -->
        <c:if test="${employee.id == null }">
            LastNmae:<form:input path="lastName"/>
                     <form:errors path="lastName"></form:errors>
            <br>    
        </c:if>
        <c:if test="${employee.id != null }">
            <form:hidden path="id"/>
            <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT"/>
            <%-- 对于_method不能使用form:hidden标签，因为methodAttribute对应的bean中没有_method这个属性
                <form:hidden path="_method" value="PUT"/>
             --%>
        </c:if>

        Email:<form:input path="email"/>
              <form:errors path="email"></form:errors>
        <br>    
        <%
            Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap();
            genders.put("1","Male");
            genders.put("0","Female");
            request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
        %>      
        Gender：<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders }"/>      
        <br>    
        <!-- 
            临时添加一个出生日期的属性Birth，这时会遇见一些问题：
            1.数据类型转换
            2.数据类型格式化
            3.数据校验

         -->
        Birth：<form:input path="birth"/>
              <form:errors path="birth"></form:errors>      
        <br>    

        Salary：<form:input path="salary"/>      
        <br>    

        Department：<form:select path="department.id" 
            items="${departments }" itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select>
        <br>    
        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>
    </form:form>
    </p>
</body>
</html>

2.实体类
Employee.java

package com.springmvc.crud.entities;


import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.constraints.Past;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;
/**
 * 实体类
 *
 */
public class Employee {

    private Integer id;
    //校验lastname不为空
    @NotEmpty
    private String lastName;

    @Email
    private String email;
    //1 male, 0 female
    private Integer gender;

    private Department department;

    //校验日期为当前系统时间之前的时间
    @Past
    //对日期进行格式化，由字符串转化成yyyy-MM-dd
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date birth;

    //格式化字符串1,234,567.8为1234567.8
    @NumberFormat(pattern="#,###,###.#")
    private Float salary;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(Integer gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }

    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Float getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(Float salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }


    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender,
            Department department) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.department = department;
    }

    public Employee() {
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
                + email + ", gender=" + gender + ", department=" + department
                + ", birth=" + birth + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
    }
}

Department.java

package com.springmvc.crud.entities;
/**
 * 实体类
 */
public class Department {

    private Integer id;
    private String departmentName;

    public Department() {
    }

    public Department(int i, String string) {
        this.id = i;
        this.departmentName = string;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getDepartmentName() {
        return departmentName;
    }

    public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
        this.departmentName = departmentName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
                + "]";
    }

}

3.dao类
EmployeeDao.java

package com.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import com.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;
@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

    private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;

    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
    //模拟数据库 
    static {
        employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();

        employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
        employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 0, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
        employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 1, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
        employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
        employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
    }
    //定义初始化变量
    private static Integer initId = 1006;

    //添加一条记录
    public void save(Employee employee){
        //当员工的Id为空值时，就在1006的基础上加加，作用类似于数据库中主键的自增
        if(employee.getId() == null){
            employee.setId(initId++);
        }
        //设置employee中department的属性值
        employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
        //向数据库中添加记录
        employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
    }

    //获取所有的记录
    public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
        return employees.values();
    }

    //获取一条记录
    public Employee get(Integer id){
        return employees.get(id);
    }

    //删除一条记录
    public void delete(Integer id){
        employees.remove(id);
    }


}

DepartmentDao.java

package com.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;

@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {

    private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;

    //模拟数据库
    static {
        departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();

        departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
        departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
        departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
        departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
        departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
    }

    public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
        return departments.values();
    }

    public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
        return departments.get(id);
    }

}

4.Handler
EmployeeHandler.java

package com.springmvc.crud.handlers;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import com.springmvc.crud.dao.DepartmentDao;
import com.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;
import com.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;
/**
 * 控制跳转，并传递参数
 */

@Controller
public class EmployeeHandler {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeDao employeeDao;

    //因为要在页面上显示部门信息，所以引入DepartmentDao
    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDao departmentDao;

    /**
     * 1.控制跳转到查询所有员工信息的操作
     * 当请求到这个方法，把查到员工的集合放到Map中，同时自动的放入到请求域中，跳转到目标页面之后就可以直接获取
     * @param map
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/emps")
    public String list(Map<String, Object> map){
        map.put("employees", employeeDao.getAll());
        return "list";
    }

    /**
     * 2.控制跳转到添加一条记录的页面，因为要在页面显示部门信息，所以使用Map映射
     * @param map
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.GET )
    public String input(Map<String, Object> map){
        //把查找到的部门信息放入到map中，同时放到请求域中
        map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
        map.put("employee", new Employee());
        return "input";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String save(@Valid Employee employee, BindingResult result,
            Map<String, Object> map){
        System.out.println("save：" + employee);

        if(result.getErrorCount() > 0){
            System.out.println("出错了！");
            for(FieldError error : result.getFieldErrors()){
                System.out.println(error.getField() + "：" + error.getDefaultMessage());
            }

            //若校验出错，则跳转到指定页面
            map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
            return "input";
        }

        //执行保存操作
        employeeDao.save(employee);
        return "redirect:/emps";
    }

    /**
     * 3.控制跳转到删除一条记录
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        employeeDao.delete(id);
        return "redirect:/emps";
    }

    /**
     * 4.控制跳转到修改一条记录页面
     * @param id
     * @param map
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String input(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Map<String, Object> map){
        System.out.println("修改");
        //根据ID，查到记录，用于回显
        map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
        //所有的部门都放到map中
        map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
        return "input";
    }


    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String update(Employee employee){
        System.out.println("提交修改");
        employeeDao.save(employee);
        return "redirect:/emps";
    }

    @ModelAttribute
    public void getEmployee(@RequestParam(value="id", required=false) Integer id, 
            Map<String, Object> map){
        System.out.println("@ModelAttribute"+id);
        if(id != null){
            map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
        }
    }

    /**
     * 功能：对lastName属性，不赋值
     * @param binder
     */
    /*@InitBinder
    public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder){
        binder.setDisallowedFields("lastName");
    }*/


}

5.配置文件
web.xml

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

 <!-- 配置把post请求转化成PUT或DELETE请求 --> 
  <filter>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

springmvc.xml

<!-- 1.配置自动扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.crud"></context:component-scan>

<!-- 2.配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

<!-- 3.解决静态资源文件的问题 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

T_P_F

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REST风格的增删改查（2）

Hibernate是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架，它对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装，它将POJO与数据库表建立映射关系，是一个全自动的orm框架，hibernate可以自动生成SQL语句，自动执行，使得Java程序员可以随心所欲的使用对象编程思维来操纵数据库。 Hibernate可以应用在任何使用JDBC的场合，既可以在Java的客户端程序使用，也可以在Servlet/JSP的Web应用中
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