关键字explicit

构造函数被声明为explicit，可以阻止他们被用来执行隐式类型转换，但他们仍可以被用来进行显式类型转换。

explicit的构造函数禁止编译器执行非预期的类型转换。

以下来自MSDN:

This keyword is a declaration specifier that can only be applied to in-class constructor declarations. An explicit constructor cannot take part in implicit conversions. It can only be used to explicitly construct an object.

The following program will fail to compile because of the explicit keyword. To resolve the error, remove the explicit keywords and adjust the code in g.

// spec1_explicit.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <stdio.h>

class C 
{
public:
    int i;
    explicit C(const C&)   // an explicit copy constructor
    {
        printf_s("\nin the copy constructor");
    }
    explicit C(int i )   // an explicit constructor
    {
        printf_s("\nin the constructor");
    }

    C()
    {
        i = 0;
    }
};

class C2
{
public:
    int i;
    explicit C2(int i )   // an explicit constructor
    {
    } 
};

C f(C c)
{   // C2558
    c.i = 2;
    return c;   // first call to copy constructor
}

void f2(C2)
{
}

void g(int i)
{
    f2(i);   // C2558
    // try the following line instead
    // f2(C2(i));
}

int main()
{
    C c, d;
    d = f(c);   // c is copied
}