系统设计｜12 个微服务设计模式分享（译文）

Unleash the Power of Microservices

释放微服务的力量

Are you striving to build efficient, scalable, and resilient software systems? As a software developer or senior developer, you must have come across the term “microservices architecture.” This revolutionary approach to software development has been adopted by many successful tech giants, such as Netflix, Amazon, and Spotify. But, what exactly are microservices, and why should you care?

Microservices architecture is a software development technique that breaks down a large application into smaller, manageable, and independent services. Each service is responsible for a specific functionality and communicates with others through well-defined APIs. This approach helps in achieving better scalability, maintainability, and flexibility of software systems.

Many developers reported increased productivity and faster time to market when they embraced microservices. The secret behind this success lies in understanding and implementing the right microservices patterns. These patterns provide a solid foundation for designing and managing microservices-based applications.

In this blog, we will dive into the top 12 microservices patterns that every software engineer must know. By mastering these patterns, you will be well-equipped to build powerful, fault-tolerant, and easily maintainable software systems. Are you ready to level up your software development game? Let’s get started!

您是否正在努力构建高效、可扩展和有弹性的软件系统？作为一名软件开发人员或高级开发人员，你一定听说过 "微服务架构 "这个术语。这种革命性的软件开发方法已被 Netflix、亚马逊和 Spotify 等许多成功的科技巨头所采用。但是，微服务到底是什么，为什么要关注它呢？

微服务架构是一种软件开发技术，它将大型应用程序分解成较小的、可管理的独立服务。每个服务负责特定的功能，并通过定义明确的应用程序接口与其他服务通信。这种方法有助于提高软件系统的可扩展性、可维护性和灵活性。

许多开发人员报告说，他们在采用微服务后提高了工作效率，加快了产品上市速度。成功背后的秘诀在于理解并实施正确的微服务模式。这些模式为设计和管理基于微服务的应用程序奠定了坚实的基础。

在本博客中，我们将深入探讨每位软件工程师都必须了解的 12 种顶级微服务模式。通过掌握这些模式，您将能够构建功能强大、容错且易于维护的软件系统。你准备好提升自己的软件开发水平了吗？让我们开始吧！

1. API Gateway Pattern: Your One-Stop-Shop for Microservices

1. API 网关模式： 您的微服务一站式商店

Are you tired of managing multiple entry points for your microservices? The API Gateway pattern is here to save the day! Acting as a single entry point for all client requests, the API Gateway simplifies access to your microservices, offering seamless communication between clients and services.

Why should you care about the API Gateway? First, it helps in aggregating responses from multiple microservices, reducing the number of round trips between clients and services. This results in improved performance and user experience. Second, it enables you to implement cross-cutting concerns such as authentication, logging, and rate limiting at a single place, promoting consistency and reducing redundancy.

Imagine the convenience of having a central hub that takes care of all these responsibilities! According to a study by RapidAPI, 68% of developers who adopted API Gateway reported improved security and simplified management of their microservices.

Some popular API Gateway solutions include Amazon API Gateway, Kong, and Azure API Management. These tools provide a range of features, such as caching, throttling, and monitoring, to help you manage your microservices efficiently.

In short, the API Gateway pattern is an essential component of a successful microservices architecture. By embracing this pattern, you can ensure streamlined communication, enhanced security, and simplified management of your services. Are you ready to unlock the true potential of microservices with the API Gateway pattern?

您是否厌倦了管理微服务的多个入口？API 网关模式将拯救您的生活！作为所有客户端请求的单一入口点，API 网关简化了对微服务的访问，提供客户端与服务之间的无缝通信。

为什么要关注 API 网关？首先，它有助于聚合来自多个微服务的响应，减少客户端与服务之间的往返次数。从而提高性能，改善用户体验。其次，它能让您在一个地方实现跨领域的关注，如身份验证、日志记录和速率限制，从而提高一致性并减少冗余。

试想一下，如果有一个中心枢纽来承担所有这些责任，那将是多么方便！根据 RapidAPI 的一项研究，68% 采用 API Gateway 的开发人员表示，他们的微服务安全性得到了提高，管理也得到了简化。

一些流行的 API 网关解决方案包括亚马逊 API 网关、Kong 和 Azure API 管理。这些工具提供了缓存、节流和监控等一系列功能，可帮助您有效管理微服务。

简而言之，API 网关模式是成功的微服务架构的重要组成部分。通过采用这种模式，您可以确保简化通信、增强安全性并简化服务管理。您是否准备好利用 API Gateway 释放微服务的真正潜力？

2. Service Discovery Pattern: Navigating the Microservices Maze with Ease

2. 服务发现模式： 轻松驾驭微服务迷宫

Are you struggling to keep track of your growing number of microservices? Worry no more! The Service Discovery pattern is here to help you navigate the complex world of microservices with ease. This pattern allows services to find each other dynamically, ensuring smooth communication and reducing the need for manual configuration.

Why is Service Discovery crucial for your microservices architecture? As your system scales, managing the ever-changing service locations becomes increasingly challenging. With Service Discovery, services can automatically register and discover each other, promoting agility and flexibility in your system.

Take a look at Grokking Microservices Design Patterns to master these microservices design patterns for designing scalable, resilient, and more manageable systems.

Service Discovery can be achieved through two main approaches: client-side discovery and server-side discovery. Client-side discovery involves the client querying a service registry to find the target service’s location, while server-side discovery relies on a load balancer to route requests to the appropriate service. Tools like Netflix Eureka, Consul, and Kubernetes offer built-in Service Discovery solutions to cater to your specific needs.

In a nutshell, the Service Discovery pattern plays a pivotal role in maintaining a robust and adaptable microservices architecture. By implementing this pattern, you can e