作用:执行代码的运算
主要有以下几类运算符
运算符类型 | 作用 |
---|---|
算术运算符 | 处理四则运算 |
赋值运算符 | 将表达式的值赋给变量 |
比较运算符 | 比较表达式,并返回一个真值或假值 |
逻辑运算符 | 根据表达式的值返回真值或假值 |
算术运算符
处理四则运算
算术运算符包括以下符号:
运算符 | 术语 | 示例 | 结果 |
---|---|---|---|
+ | 正号 | +3 | 3 |
- | 负号 | -3 | 3 |
+ | 加 | 10 + 5 | 15 |
- | 减 | 10 - 5 | 5 |
* | 乘 | 10 * 5 | 50 |
/ | 除 | 10 / 5 | 2 |
% | 取模(取余) | 10 % 3 | 1 |
++ | 前置递增 | a=2; b=++a; | a=3;b=3; |
++ | 后置递增 | a=2; b=a++; | a=3;b=2; |
– | 前置递减 | a=2; b=–a; | a=1;b=1; |
– | 后置递减 | a=2; b=a–; | a=1;b=2; |
加减乘除示例:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
//加减乘除
int a1 = 10;
int b1 = 3;
cout << a1 + b1 << endl; //13
cout << a1 - b1 << endl; //7
cout << a1 * b1 << endl; //30
cout << a1 / b1 << endl; //3
//两个整数相除,结果仍然是整数
int a2 = 10;
int b2 = 20;
cout << a2 / b2 << endl; //0
int a3 = 10, b3 = 0;
//cout << a3 / b3 << endl; //错误,两个数相除,除数是不可以为0的
//两个小数可以相除
double d1 = 0.5, d2 = 0.3;
cout << d1 / d2 << endl;
system("pause");
}
取模示例:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
//取模运算本质,就是取余数
int a1 = 10;
int b1 = 3;
cout << a1 % b1 << endl; //1
int a2 = 10, b2 = 20;
cout << a2 % b2 << endl; //10
int a3 = 10, b3 = 0;
//cout << a3 % b3 << endl; //报错,两个数相除除数不可以为0,所以也做不了取模运算
//两个小数无法做取模运算
double a4 = 5.3, b4 = 5.6 ;
// cout << a4 % b4 << endl;
//1个小数也无法做取模运算
int a5 = 10;
double b5 = 3.14;
// cout << a5 % b5 << endl;
int a6 = 31.4;
double b6 = 10;
// cout << a6 % b6 << endl;
system("pause");
}
前置递增和后置递增示例:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
//1、前置递增
int a = 10;
++a; //让变量+1
cout << "a = " << a << endl; //11
//2、后置递增
int b = 10;
++b; //让变量+1
cout << "b = " << b << endl; //11
//3、前置和后置的区别
//前置递增 先让变量+1 然后进行表达式的运算
int a2 = 10;
int b2 = ++a2 * 10;
cout << "a2 = " << a2 << endl; //11
cout << "b2 = " << b2 << endl; //110
//后置递增 先进行表达式的运算 后让变量+1
int a3 = 10;
int b3 = a3++ * 10;
cout << "a3 = " << a3 << endl; //11
cout << "b3 = " << b3 << endl; //100
system("pause");
}