5.3.2 switch语句

练习5.9

int main() {
	unsigned aCnt = 0, eCnt = 0, iCnt = 0, oCnt = 0, uCnt = 0;
	char ch;
	while (cin >> ch) {
		if (ch == 'a')
			++aCnt;
		if (ch == 'e')
			++eCnt;
		if (ch == 'i')
			++iCnt;
		if (ch == 'o')
			++oCnt;
		if (ch == 'u')
			++uCnt;
	}
	cout << "Number of vowel a: \t" << aCnt << '\n';
	cout << "Number of vowel e: \t" << eCnt << '\n';
	cout << "Number of vowel i: \t" << iCnt << '\n';
	cout << "Number of vowel o: \t" << oCnt << '\n';
	cout << "Number of vowel u: \t" << uCnt << '\n';	
}

练习5.10

int main() {
	unsigned aCnt = 0, eCnt = 0, iCnt = 0, oCnt = 0, uCnt = 0;
	char ch;
	while (cin >> ch) {
		switch (ch) {
		case 'a': case 'A':
			    ++aCnt; 
		     	break;
		case 'e': case 'E':
				++eCnt;
				break;
		case 'i':case 'I':
				++iCnt;
				break;
		case 'o':case 'O':
				++oCnt;
				break;
		case 'u':case 'U':
				++uCnt;
				break;	
		}
	}
	cout << "Number of vowel a: \t" << aCnt << '\n'
         << "Number of vowel e: \t" << eCnt << '\n'
	     << "Number of vowel i: \t" << iCnt << '\n'
	     << "Number of vowel o: \t" << oCnt << '\n'
         << "Number of vowel u: \t" << uCnt << '\n';
}

练习5.11

int main() {
	unsigned aCnt = 0, eCnt = 0, iCnt = 0, oCnt = 0, uCnt = 0,spaceCnt = 0,
		nCnt = 0,tCnt = 0;
	string line;
	while (getline(cin,line)){ //每次读入一整行，直到到达文件末尾
		++nCnt;                //换行符增加1，因为getline()函数读取内容直到遇到换行符为止
		for (auto c : line) {
			switch (c) {
			case 'a':
				++aCnt;
				break;
			case 'e':
				++eCnt;
				break;
			case 'i':
				++iCnt;
				break;
			case 'o':
				++oCnt;
				break;
			case 'u':
				++uCnt;
				break;
			case ' ': //空格
				++spaceCnt;
				break;
			case '\t': //我不知道怎么统计制表符
				++tCnt;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	cout << "Number of vowel a: \t" << aCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel e: \t" << eCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel i: \t" << iCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel o: \t" << oCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel u: \t" << uCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of space: \t" << spaceCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of newline: \t" << nCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of tabs: \t" << tCnt;
}

练习5.12

int main() {
	unsigned aCnt = 0, eCnt = 0, iCnt = 0, oCnt = 0, uCnt = 0,ffCnt = 0,
		flCnt = 0,fiCnt = 0;
	string line;
	while (getline(cin,line)){ //每次读入一整行，直到到达文件末尾
		for(decltype(line.size()) index = 0; index!= line.size();++index) { //通过下标的方法循环读取每一个字符
			switch (line[index]) { //判断某一字符
			case 'a':
				++aCnt;
				break;
			case 'e':
				++eCnt;
				break;
			case 'i':
				++iCnt;
				break;
			case 'o':
				++oCnt;
				break;
			case 'u':
				++uCnt;
				break;
			case 'f': { //字符为f的情况下
				switch (line[index+1]) { //判断下一个字符
				case 'f':
					++ffCnt;
					break;
				case 'l':
					++flCnt;
					break;
				case 'i':
					++fiCnt;
					break;
				}
			}
			}
		}
	}
	cout << "Number of vowel a: \t" << aCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel e: \t" << eCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel i: \t" << iCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel o: \t" << oCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of vowel u: \t" << uCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of ff: \t\t" << ffCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of fl: \t\t" << flCnt << '\n'
		<< "Number of fi: \t\t" << fiCnt;
}

练习5.13

（a）没有添加break语句，统计结果错误。修改后如下所示：

int main() {
	unsigned aCnt = 0, eCnt = 0, iouCnt = 0;
	char ch = next_text();
	switch (ch) {
	case 'a':
		aCnt++;
		break; 
	case 'e':
		eCnt++;
	default:
		iouCnt++;
	}
}

（b）需要定义ivec，在default中使用到ix变量，因此不能在case1中定义ix变量。修改后如下所示：

int main() {
	unsigned index = some_value();
	string ivec; //需要定义ivec
	switch (index) {
	int ix = get_value(); //在default中使用到ix变量，因此不能在case1中定义ix变量
	case 1:
		ivec[ix] = index;
		break;
	default:
		ix = ivec.size() - 1;
		ivec[ix] = index;
	}

}

（c）case语句写法不对，oddCnt和oddcnt对应不上，evenCnt和evencnt对应不上，注意大小写。修改后如下所示：

int main() {
	unsigned evenCnt = 0, oddCnt = 0;
	int digit = get_num() % 10;
	switch (digit) {
	case 1: case 3: case 5: case 7: case 9:
		oddCnt++;
		break;
	case 2: case 4: case 6: case 8: case 10:
		evenCnt++;
		break;
	}

}

（d）case标签必须是整型常量表达式。修改后如下所示：

int main() {
	//case标签必须是整型常量表达式
	const unsigned ival = 512, jval = 1024, kval = 4096;
	unsigned bufsize;
	unsigned swt = get_bufsize();
	switch (swt) {
	case ival: 
		bufsize = ival * sizeof(int);
		break;
	case jval:
		bufsize = jval * sizeof(int);
		break;
	case kval:
		bufsize = kval * sizeof(int);
		break;
	}