Linux系统源码安装mysql

此方法是在centos7中通过源码安装mysql5.7。可定制性最强，根据需求和功能定制。安装麻烦，需要手动初始化数据库。

1.下载源码包

1、去官网下载安装包，在用xftp传到centos /usr/local/mysql目录中
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/
选择mysql-boost的包下载mysql-boost-5.7.38.tar.gz

2.也可以在命令行中输入下面语句下载

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-5.7.38.tar.gz

备注：这两种方式任选其一。

2.yum安装环境

yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake

3、添加用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

4、解压安装包

tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.38.tar.gz

5、cd到mysql的配置目录中，然后编译安装

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

在执行编译安装

make && make install

6、加权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

7、修改配置文件

编辑etc/my.cnf文件，在末尾添加如下代码

[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1
skip-grant-tables
 
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

8、修改权限

chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

9、让其可以识别mysql中的命令

echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile   

echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile

source /etc/profile

10、初始化数据库

cd到mysql的目录中，在执行如下代码

cd /usr/local/mysql/

bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

11、复制启动脚本模板

cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

12、刷新启动脚本并启动

systemctl daemon-reload            
systemctl start mysqld
netstat -anpt | grep 3306

systemctl enable mysqld

13、无密码登录数据库

mysql -u root -p

14、给root设置密码

use mysql;

update user set authentication_string = password('root') where user = 'root';

flush privileges;

15、授权远程登录

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;

flush privileges;

16、navicat连接问题

请关闭防火墙或者在防火墙中放开3306端口
1、查看CentOS 7防火墙状态

systemctl status firewalld.service

运行上述命令后，如果看到有绿色字样标注的“active（running）”，说明防火墙是开启状态。
2、关闭运行的防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service

关闭后，可查看防火墙状态，当显示disavtive（dead）的字样，说明CentOS 7防火墙已经关闭。
3、开机禁用防火墙服务

systemctl stop firewalld.service