LeetCode 1319 Number of Operations to Make Network Connected (并查集)

There are n computers numbered from 0 to n-1 connected by ethernet cables connections forming a network where connections[i] = [a, b] represents a connection between computers a and b. Any computer can reach any other computer directly or indirectly through the network.

Given an initial computer network connections. You can extract certain cables between two directly connected computers, and place them between any pair of disconnected computers to make them directly connected. Return the minimum number of times you need to do this in order to make all the computers connected. If it's not possible, return -1. 

 

Example 1:

Input: n = 4, connections = [[0,1],[0,2],[1,2]]
Output: 1
Explanation: Remove cable between computer 1 and 2 and place between computers 1 and 3.

Example 2:

Input: n = 6, connections = [[0,1],[0,2],[0,3],[1,2],[1,3]]
Output: 2

Example 3:

Input: n = 6, connections = [[0,1],[0,2],[0,3],[1,2]]
Output: -1
Explanation: There are not enough cables.

Example 4:

Input: n = 5, connections = [[0,1],[0,2],[3,4],[2,3]]
Output: 0

 

Constraints:

• 1 <= n <= 10^5
• 1 <= connections.length <= min(n*(n-1)/2, 10^5)
• connections[i].length == 2
• 0 <= connections[i][0], connections[i][1] < n
• connections[i][0] != connections[i][1]
• There are no repeated connections.
• No two computers are connected by more than one cable.

题目链接：https://leetcode.com/problems/number-of-operations-to-make-network-connected/

题目大意：给一个森林，可以移动边，求最少移动多少条边可使之连通

题目分析：如果边数加1大于等于点数则必然有解（树），有解的情况下并查集求有几个独立的块，块数减1即可