POJ 3572 Hanoi Towers (YY + 推公式)

Hanoi Towers

Time Limit: 5000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 648		Accepted: 327		Special Judge

Description

The “Hanoi Towers” puzzle consists of three pegs (that we will name A, B, and C) with n disks of different diameters stacked onto the pegs. Initially all disks are stacked onto peg A with the smallest disk at the top and the largest one at the bottom, so that they form a conical shape on peg A.

A valid move in the puzzle is moving one disk from the top of one (source) peg to the top of the other (destination) peg, with a constraint that a disk can be placed only onto an empty destination peg or onto a disk of a larger diameter. We denote a move with two capital letters — the first letter denotes the source disk, and the second letter denotes the destination disk. For example, AB is a move from disk A to disk B.

The puzzle is considered solved when all the disks are stacked onto either peg B (with pegs A and C empty) or onto peg C (with pegs A and B empty). We will solve this puzzle with the following algorithm.

All six potential moves in the game (AB, AC, BA, BC, CA, and CB) are arranged into a list. The order of moves in this list defines our strategy. We always make the first valid move from this list with an additional constraint that we never move the same disk twice in a row.

It can be proven that this algorithm always solves the puzzle. Your problem is to find the number of moves it takes for this algorithm to solve the puzzle using a given strategy.

Input

The input file contains two lines. The first line consists of a single integer number n (1 ≤ n ≤ 30) — the number of disks in the puzzle. The second line contains descriptions of six moves separated by spaces — the strategy that is used to solve the puzzle.

Output

Write to the output file the number of moves it takes to solve the puzzle. This number will not exceed 10¹⁸.

Sample Input

 
 
#1
3 AB BC CA BA CB AC
#2
2
 AB BA CA BC CB AC

Sample Output

 
 
#1
7
#2
5

Source

Northeastern Europe 2007

题目链接：http://poj.org/problem?id=3572

题目大意：n个盘子的汉诺塔游戏，移动策略已经给出，同一个盘子不能连续被移动两次，每次都按策略中最先可行的指令进行操作，问按照给定策略完成游戏的操作次数，完成是移动到B或C都可以

题目分析：记录一下每个策略的移动指令，去掉那些将一个盘子连续移动超过一次的指令，我是直接通过3个盘子和2个盘子的情况yy的，和普通汉诺塔问题类似，考虑最小的盘子的移动方案，因为全都移到B和移到C本质相同，所以只考虑移到C的情况，可以得到三种情况
1.A -> C；C -> B；B -> A；A -> C这就是普通3层汉诺塔的最优解 2^n - 1 (2的时候3步，3的时候需要7步)
2.A -> C；C -> B；B -> C；C -> B；B -> C  推出来是3^(n-1) (2的时候3步，可以看出2的时候小盘子只移动两次即可和方案1相同，3的时候需要9步)
3.A -> C；C -> A；A -> C；... 推出来是2 * 3^(n-1) - 1 (2的时候5步，3的时候需要17步)
分情况讨论即可

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#define ll long long
int n, mp[55];
char s[10];

int main() 
{  
    while(scanf("%d", &n) != EOF)
    {
        memset(mp, 0, sizeof(mp));
        for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
        {
            scanf("%s", s);
            int a = s[0] - 'A' + 1, b = s[1] - 'A' + 1;
            if(!mp[a])
                mp[a] = b;
        }  
        if(mp[2] != 1 && mp[3] != 1) 
            printf("%lld\n", (ll)(pow(3ll, n - 1)));
        else if(mp[mp[1]] == 1)
            printf("%lld\n", 2ll * (ll)pow(3ll, n - 1) - 1ll);
        else 
            printf("%lld\n", (ll)(pow(2ll, n)) - 1ll);
    }
}