mongodb入门-7查询2

mongodb入门-7查询2

 

数组查询$all $in

 

$all　数组中必须包含所有给定的查询的元素

 

$in　数组中只要包含给定的查询元素就可以

 

下面看两个代码：

 

[ html] 

> db.phone.find()  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e20220c9b0dc40419385"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e21820c9b0dc40419386"), "num" : [ 4, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e22120c9b0dc40419387"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 5 ] }  

> db.phone.find({num:{$all:[1,2]}})  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e20220c9b0dc40419385"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e22120c9b0dc40419387"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 5 ] }  

> db.phone.find({num:{$all:[1,4]}})　－－－＞同时包含１，４的没有数据  

> db.phone.find({num:{$in:[1,4]}})　－－－＞包含１或４的数据  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e20220c9b0dc40419385"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e21820c9b0dc40419386"), "num" : [ 4, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e22120c9b0dc40419387"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 5 ] }  

 

$exists　查找包含该字段的文档

一段代码如下：

 

[html] 

> db.phone.find()  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e20220c9b0dc40419385"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e21820c9b0dc40419386"), "num" : [ 4, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e22120c9b0dc40419387"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 5 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e51a20c9b0dc40419388"), "state" : 1 }  

> db.phone.find({state:{$exists:1}})　－－－＞存在state字段的  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e51a20c9b0dc40419388"), "state" : 1 }  

> db.phone.find({state:{$exists:0}})　－－－＞不存在state字段的文档  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e20220c9b0dc40419385"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e21820c9b0dc40419386"), "num" : [ 4, 2, 3 ] }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198e22120c9b0dc40419387"), "num" : [ 1, 2, 5 ] }  

 

$mod 取模操作

比如我们可以取一些数据的时候做一些模操作，比如向下面一样取年龄模3余1的文档：

 

[html] 

> db.user.find()  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b2"), "name" : "user0", "age" : 0 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b3"), "name" : "user1", "age" : 1 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b4"), "name" : "user2", "age" : 2 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b5"), "name" : "user3", "age" : 3 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b6"), "name" : "user4", "age" : 4 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b7"), "name" : "user5", "age" : 5 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b8"), "name" : "user6", "age" : 6 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b9"), "name" : "user7", "age" : 7 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843ba"), "name" : "user8", "age" : 8 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843bb"), "name" : "user9", "age" : 9 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843bc"), "name" : "user10", "age" : 10 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c3cac686eb50e2c843bd"), "name" : "user0", "age" : 20 }  

> db.user.find({age:{$mod:[3,1]}})   

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b3"), "name" : "user1", "age" : 1 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b6"), "name" : "user4", "age" : 4 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b9"), "name" : "user7", "age" : 7 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843bc"), "name" : "user10", "age" : 10 }  

 

同样使用 db.user.find("this.age%3==1")这个语句也能达到上面的效果,但是不推荐.

 

$ne not equal 不等于

 

查找age不等于0的用户:

 

[html] 

> db.user.find()  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b2"), "name" : "user0", "age" : 0 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b3"), "name" : "user1", "age" : 1 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b4"), "name" : "user2", "age" : 2 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b5"), "name" : "user3", "age" : 3 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b6"), "name" : "user4", "age" : 4 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b7"), "name" : "user5", "age" : 5 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b8"), "name" : "user6", "age" : 6 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b9"), "name" : "user7", "age" : 7 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843ba"), "name" : "user8", "age" : 8 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843bb"), "name" : "user9", "age" : 9 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843bc"), "name" : "user10", "age" : 10 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c3cac686eb50e2c843bd"), "name" : "user0", "age" : 20 }  

> db.user.find({age:{$ne:0}})  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b3"), "name" : "user1", "age" : 1 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b4"), "name" : "user2", "age" : 2 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b5"), "name" : "user3", "age" : 3 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b6"), "name" : "user4", "age" : 4 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b7"), "name" : "user5", "age" : 5 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b8"), "name" : "user6", "age" : 6 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843b9"), "name" : "user7", "age" : 7 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843ba"), "name" : "user8", "age" : 8 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843bb"), "name" : "user9", "age" : 9 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c286c686eb50e2c843bc"), "name" : "user10", "age" : 10 }  

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5198c3cac686eb50e2c843bd"), "name" : "user0", "age" : 20 }  

 

上面所说的$开头的方法有些人把它称为魔术方法,这个倒是无所谓,这种方法一般都是欠他在json里面,也就是一般都是在{}中使用,并且这个还是作为一个字段的值.以后会接触到不这样使用的.

 

转载自：http://www.2cto.com/database/201305/212157.html