Python数据结构 四种链表的集合

import os


# 创建节点
class Node:
    def __init__(self, data):
        self.data = data
        self.next = None
        self.prev = None

创建单链表类

class SingleLinkList:
    """单链表"""

    def __init__(self):
        self.head = Node(None)

    # 创建链表
    def Create(self):
        while True:
            try:
                print("*" * 50)
                print("*请依次输入若干数据后按回车键确认[数据之间以空格隔开]")
                print("*" * 50)
                cNode = self.head
                str1 = input('')
                strList = str1.split()
                for i in strList:
                    nNode = Node(int(i))
                    cNode.next = nNode
                    cNode = cNode.next
                break
            except:
                print('\n 您输入的值有误,请重新输入! \n')

    # 判断是否为空
    def IsEmpty(self):
        if self.GetLength() == 0:
            return True
        else:
            return False

    # 获取链表长度
    def GetLength(self):
        cNode = self.head
        length = 0
        while cNode.next is not None:
            length += 1
            cNode = cNode.next
        return length

    # 遍历
    def TraverseElement(self):
        print('当前为单链表', end='')
        print('长度为:' + str(self.GetLength()))
        cNode = self.head
        print("[Head->", end="")
        while cNode.next is not None:
            cNode = cNode.next
            print(cNode.data, '->', end=' ')
        print('None]')

    # 头部插入
    def InsertElementHead(self):
        Element = input("请输入首端要插入的数据:")
        cNode = self.head
        nNode = Node(int(Element))
        nNode.next = cNode.next
        cNode.next = nNode

    # 尾部插入
    def InsertElementInTail(self):
        cNode = self.head
        Element = input("请输入尾端要插入的数据:")
        nNode = Node(int(Element))
        while cNode.next is not None:
            cNode = cNode.next
        cNode.next = nNode

    # 指定位置插入
    def InsertElement(self):
        index = int(input('请输入要插入的位置:'))
        key = int(input("请输入要插入的值:"))
        cNode = self.head
        pNode = self.head  # 前一个结点
        pos = 0
        while cNode.next is not None and pos < index:
            pNode = cNode
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        if index == pos:
            qNode = Node(key)
            pNode.next = qNode
            qNode.next = cNode

    # 按值删除
    def DeleteElement(self):
        if self.IsEmpty():
            print('单链表为空')
            return
        key = int(input('请输入要删除的值：'))
        # pos = 0
        cNode = self.head
        nNode = cNode.next
        while nNode is not None:
            if nNode.data is key:
                cNode.next = nNode.next
                del nNode
                nNode = cNode.next
            else:
                cNode = nNode
                nNode = nNode.next

    # 按位置删除
    def DeleteElement2(self):
        pos = 0
        key = int(input('请输入要删除的结点的位置：'))
        while key < 1 or key > self.GetLength():
            key = int(input('你输入的位置超出范围,请重新输入要删除的结点位置:'))
        cNode = self.head
        nNode = cNode.next
        while pos is not key - 1:
            pos += 1
            cNode = nNode
            nNode = nNode.next
        cNode.next = nNode.next
        del nNode

    # 根据值查找
    def FindElement(self):
        pos = 0
        cNode = self.head
        key = int(input('请输入要查找的值：'))
        if self.IsEmpty():
            print('单链表为空')
            return
        while cNode.next is not None and cNode.data != key:
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        if cNode.data == key:
            print('查找成功，位置为:', pos)
        else:
            print('查找失败')

    # 根据位置查找
    def GetElement(self):
        index = int(input('请输入要查找的位置:'))
        cNode = self.head
        pos = 0
        while pos != index:
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        print('该单链表的第', index, '个位置的值为', cNode.data, end="\n", )

    # 销毁
    def ClearElement(self):
        self.head = 0

创建循环单链表类 (继承单链表)

class CSLL(SingleLinkList):
    """单向循环链表"""

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.head = Node(None)
        self.head.next = self.head

    # 创建链表
    def Create(self):
        while True:
            try:
                print("*" * 50)
                print("*请依次输入若干数据后按回车键确认[数据之间以空格隔开]")
                print("*" * 50)
                cNode = self.head
                str1 = input('')
                strList = str1.split()
                for i in strList:
                    nNode = Node(int(i))
                    cNode.next = nNode
                    cNode = cNode.next
                cNode.next = self.head
                break
            except:
                print('\n 您输入的值有误,请重新输入! \n')

    # 获取链表长度
    def GetLength(self):
        cNode = self.head
        length = 0
        while cNode.next is not self.head:
            length += 1
            cNode = cNode.next
        return length

    # 遍历
    def TraverseElement(self):
        print('当前为循环单链表', end='')
        print('长度为:' + str(self.GetLength()))
        cNode = self.head
        print("[Head->", end="")
        while cNode.next is not self.head:
            cNode = cNode.next
            print(cNode.data, '->', end=' ')
        print('None]')

    # 尾部插入
    def InsertElementInTail(self):
        cNode = self.head
        Element = input("请输入尾端要插入的数据:")
        nNode = Node(int(Element))
        while cNode.next is not self.head:
            cNode = cNode.next
        cNode.next = nNode
        nNode.next = self.head

    # 指定位置插入
    def InsertElement(self):
        index = int(input('请输入要插入的位置:'))
        key = int(input("请输入要插入的值:"))
        cNode = self.head
        pNode = self.head  # 前一个结点
        pos = 0
        if index >= self.GetLength() + 1:
            print("您输入的位置已在链表末尾,请使用尾插!")
        while cNode.next is not self.head and pos < index:
            pNode = cNode
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        if index == pos:
            qNode = Node(key)
            pNode.next = qNode
            qNode.next = cNode

    # 按值删除
    def DeleteElement(self):
        if self.IsEmpty():
            print('单链表为空')
            return
        key = int(input('请输入要删除的值：'))
        # pos = 0
        cNode = self.head
        nNode = cNode.next
        while nNode is not self.head:
            if nNode.data is key:
                cNode.next = nNode.next
                del nNode
                nNode = cNode.next
            else:
                cNode = nNode
                nNode = nNode.next

    # 根据值查找
    def FindElement(self):
        pos = 0
        cNode = self.head
        key = int(input('请输入要查找的值：'))
        if self.IsEmpty():
            print('单链表为空')
            return
        while cNode.next is not self.head and cNode.data != key:
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        if cNode.data == key:
            print('查找成功，位置为:', pos)
        else:
            print('查找失败')

    # 根据位置查找
    def GetElement(self):
        index = int(input('请输入要查找的位置:'))
        cNode = self.head
        pos = 0
        while pos != index:
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        print('该单链表的第', index, '个位置的值为', cNode.data, end="\n", )

    # 销毁
    def ClearElement(self):
        cNode = self.head
        cNode.next = self.head

创建双向链表类

# 创建双向链表类
class DLL(SingleLinkList):
    """双向链表"""

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.head = Node(None)

    # 创建链表
    def Create(self):
        while True:
            try:
                print("*" * 50)
                print("*请依次输入若干数据后按回车键确认[数据之间以空格隔开]")
                print("*" * 50)
                cNode = self.head
                str1 = input('')
                strList = str1.split()
                for i in strList:
                    nNode = Node(int(i))
                    cNode.next = nNode
                    nNode.prev = cNode
                    cNode = cNode.next
                break
            except:
                print('\n 您输入的值有误,请重新输入! \n')

    # 遍历
    def TraverseElement(self):
        print('当前为双向链表', end='')
        print('长度为:' + str(self.GetLength()))
        cNode = self.head
        print("[Head<->", end="")
        while cNode.next is not None:
            cNode = cNode.next
            print(cNode.data, '<->', end=' ')
        print('None]')

    # 头部插入
    def InsertElementHead(self):
        Element = input("请输入首端要插入的数据:")
        cNode = self.head.next
        pNode = self.head
        nNode = Node(int(Element))
        nNode.prev = pNode
        pNode.next = nNode
        nNode.next = cNode
        cNode.prev = nNode

    # 尾部插入
    def InsertElementInTail(self):
        Element = input("请输入尾端要插入的数据:")
        nNode = Node(int(Element))
        cNode = self.head
        while cNode.next is not None:
            cNode = cNode.next
        cNode.next = nNode
        nNode.prev = cNode

    # 指定位置插入
    def InsertElement(self):
        index = int(input('请输入要插入的位置:'))
        key = int(input("请输入要插入的值:"))
        cNode = self.head
        pNode = self.head  # 前一个结点
        pos = 0
        while cNode.next is not None and pos < index:
            pNode = cNode
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        if index == pos:
            qNode = Node(key)
            pNode.next = qNode
            qNode.next = cNode
            cNode.prev = qNode

    # 按值删除
    def DeleteElement(self):
        cNode = self.head
        pNode = self.head
        data = int(input("请输入要删除的元素值："))
        while cNode.next is not None and cNode.data != data:
            pNode = cNode
            cNode = cNode.next
        if cNode.data == data:
            if cNode.next is None:
                pNode.next = None
                del cNode
            else:
                pNode.next = cNode.next
                cNode.next.prev = pNode
                del cNode

    # 按位置删除
    def DeleteElement2(self):
        pos = 0
        key = int(input('请输入要删除的结点的位置：'))
        while key < 1 or key > self.GetLength():
            key = int(input('你输入的位置超出范围,请重新输入要删除的结点位置:'))
        cNode = self.head
        nNode = cNode.next
        while pos is not key - 1:
            pos += 1
            cNode = nNode
            nNode = nNode.next
        cNode.next = nNode.next
        cNode.prev = nNode.prev
        del nNode

    # 销毁
    def ClearElement(self):
        cNode = self.head
        cNode.next = None

创建循环双向链表类

class CDLL(DLL):
    """循环双向链表"""

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.head = Node(None)
        self.head.next = self.head

    def GetLength(self):
        cNode = self.head
        length = 0
        while cNode.next is not self.head:
            length += 1
            cNode = cNode.next
        return length

    # 创建链表
    def Create(self):
        while True:
            try:
                print("*" * 50)
                print("*请依次输入若干数据后按回车键确认[数据之间以空格隔开]")
                print("*" * 50)
                cNode = self.head
                str1 = input('')
                strList = str1.split()
                for i in strList:
                    nNode = Node(int(i))
                    cNode.next = nNode
                    nNode.prev = cNode
                    nNode.next = self.head
                    self.head.prev = nNode
                    cNode = cNode.next
                break
            except:
                print('\n 您输入的值有误,请重新输入! \n')

    # 遍历
    def TraverseElement(self):
        print('当前为循环双链表  ', end=' ')
        print('长度为:' + str(self.GetLength()))
        cNode = self.head
        print("[Head<->", end="")
        while cNode.next is not self.head:
            cNode = cNode.next
            print(cNode.data, '<->', end=' ')
        print('None]')

    # 尾部插入
    def InsertElementInTail(self):
        Element = input("请输入尾端要插入的数据:")
        nNode = Node(int(Element))
        cNode = self.head
        while cNode.next is not self.head:
            cNode = cNode.next
        cNode.next = nNode
        nNode.prev = cNode
        nNode.next = self.head
        self.head.prev = nNode

    # 指定位置插入
    def InsertElement(self):
        index = int(input('请输入要插入的位置:'))
        key = int(input("请输入要插入的值:"))
        cNode = self.head
        pNode = self.head  # 前一个结点
        pos = 0
        while cNode.next is not self.head and pos < index:
            pNode = cNode
            cNode = cNode.next
            pos += 1
        if index == pos:
            qNode = Node(key)
            pNode.next = qNode
            qNode.prev = pNode
            qNode.next = cNode
            cNode.prev = qNode

    # 按值删除
    def DeleteElement(self):
        cNode = self.head
        pNode = self.head
        data = int(input("请输入要删除的元素值："))
        while cNode.next is not self.head and cNode.data != data:
            pNode = cNode
            cNode = cNode.next
        if cNode.data == data:
            if cNode.next is None:
                pNode.next = None
                del cNode
            else:
                pNode.next = cNode.next
                cNode.next.prev = pNode
                del cNode

    # 销毁
    def ClearElement(self):
        cNode = self.head
        cNode.next = None

菜单

def menu():
    print("*" * 30)
    print("python链表")
    print("*" * 30)
    print("""    1、创建
    2、插入
    3、删除
    4、查找
    0、结束
        """)

主函数

def main():
    global a
    while True:
        try:
            os.system("cls")
            print("*" * 50)
            print("\t\tpython链表")
            print("*" * 50)
            i = int(input("请选择将要创建的链表:\n1.单链表  2.循环单链表  3.双链表  4.循环双链表  0.退出\n"))
            while i not in range(0, 5):
                i = int(input("输入错误! 请重新选择将要创建的链表:"))
            if i == 1:
                a = SingleLinkList()
            elif i == 2:
                a = CSLL()
            elif i == 3:
                a = DLL()
            elif i == 4:
                a = CDLL()
            elif i == 0:
                return

            while True:
                try:
                    os.system('cls')
                    menu()
                    a.TraverseElement()
                    i = int(input("输入您想要进行的操作序号："))
                    if i == 1:
                        a.Create()
                        input("按任意键返回上级菜单")
                    elif i == 2:
                        while True:
                            print("1.头插")
                            print("2.尾插")
                            print("3.指定插入")
                            i = int(input("输入您想要进行的操作序号："))
                            if i == 1:
                                a.InsertElementHead()
                                break
                            elif i == 2:
                                a.InsertElementInTail()
                                break
                            elif i == 3:
                                a.InsertElement()
                                break
                            else:
                                print("您的输入有误,请重新输入")
                        input("按任意键返回上级菜单")
                    elif i == 3:
                        while True:
                            print("1.按值删除")
                            print("2.按位置删除")
                            i = int(input("输入您想要进行的操作序号："))
                            if i == 1:
                                a.DeleteElement()
                                break
                            elif i == 2:
                                a.DeleteElement2()
                                break
                            else:
                                print("您的输入有误,请重新输入")
                        input("按任意键返回上级菜单")
                    elif i == 4:
                        while True:
                            print("1.按值查找")
                            print("2.按位置查找")
                            i = int(input("输入您想要进行的操作序号："))
                            if i == 1:
                                a.FindElement()
                                break
                            elif i == 2:
                                a.GetElement()
                                break
                            else:
                                print("您的输入有误,请重新输入")
                        input("按任意键返回上级菜单")
                    elif i == 0:
                        break
                    else:
                        input("您输入的有误,请按任意键重试!")
                except:
                    input("输入有误,按任意键返回菜单!")
        except:
            input("输入有误,按任意键返回主菜单!")


main()