Inheritance vs Composition（继承vs组成）

看了一下国外网友的说法。如下：

An example of Composition is where you have an instance of a class within another class, instead of inheriting from it

"Composition is when I create an object of Class A inside Class B (instead of subclassing Class B from Class A).

用一个例子来区分继承和组合

Animal:
    Skin animalSkin
    Organs animalOrgans

Mammal:
    private Animal _animalRef
    Hair/fur mammalFur
    warm-blooded-based_cirulation_system heartAndStuff

Person:
    private Mammal _mammalRef
    string firstName
    string lastName

The advantage to this approach is that the types Mammal and Person do not have to conform to the interface of their previous parent. This could be a good thing because sometimes a change to the superclass can have serious effects on the subclasses. They still can have access to the properties and behaviours of these classes through their private instances of these classes, and if they want to expose these former-superclass behaviours, they can simply wrap them in a public method.