获取文件的编码格式

         /// <summary>
        /// 获取文件的编码格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Encoding GetEncoding(string filename)
        {
            var bom = new byte[4];
            using (var file = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
            {
                file.Read(bom, 0, 4);
            }

            // Analyze the BOM
            if (bom[0] == 0x2b && bom[1] == 0x2f && bom[2] == 0x76) return Encoding.UTF7;
            if (bom[0] == 0xef && bom[1] == 0xbb && bom[2] == 0xbf) return Encoding.UTF8;
            if (bom[0] == 0xff && bom[1] == 0xfe) return Encoding.Unicode; //UTF-16LE
            if (bom[0] == 0xfe && bom[1] == 0xff) return Encoding.BigEndianUnicode; //UTF-16BE
            if (bom[0] == 0 && bom[1] == 0 && bom[2] == 0xfe && bom[3] == 0xff) return Encoding.UTF32;
            return Encoding.ASCII;
        }