Android连接服务器的封装类

昨天学习了怎么连接服务器以及简单的参数传递和服务器响应请求，是采用的java的方式实现。这里封装了一个类专门用来连接服务器。采用HttpClient方式（Apache方式）封装的，可以区分doGet()请求和doPost()请求，以及带参数请求（显示提交）和不带参数请求（隐式提交）。实现过程用到了回调方式来传递服务器的响应结果。

封装的类如下：这里称为工具类，里面定义了回调接口，并持有回调接口的实列，在AsnycTask异步任务onPostExecute()方法中将服务器响应的参数传递给Activity,在Activity里实现了回调接口中的回调方法得到该参数并显示在TextView中。

package webview;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;



import android.os.AsyncTask;

/**
 * HttpClient连接网络的封装工具类  
 * 采用回调机制将服务器响应的参数传回给客服端
 * @author scxh
 *
 */
public class HttpClientConnectUtil {
	public static final String DO_GET = "GET";
	public static final String DO_POST = "POST";
	/*定义回调接口*/
	interface ConnectCallBack{   
		public void getConnectMsg(String msg);
	}
	/*注册接口*/
	private ConnectCallBack mCallBack;
	public void setConnectCallBack(ConnectCallBack hCallBack){
		mCallBack = hCallBack;
	}
	
	/*不带参数的带参数注册接口*/
	public void HttpConnectMethod(String url,final String MethodType,ConnectCallBack hCallBack){
		
		 HttpConnectMethod(url,MethodType,null,hCallBack);
	}
	
	/*带参数的 对HttpClient请求网络的一个封装*/
	public void HttpConnectMethod(String url,final String MethodType,final HashMap<String,Object> parameters,ConnectCallBack hCallBack){
		mCallBack = hCallBack;
		new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>(){
			@Override
			protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
				return connectAndGetMessage(params[0],MethodType,parameters);
			}
			
			protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
				mCallBack.getConnectMsg(result); //回调将结果传回去
			};
		}.execute(url);
	}
	
	/*连接网络取数据*/
	public String connectAndGetMessage(String url,String MethodType,HashMap<String,Object> parameters){
		HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpUriRequest request = getRequest(url,MethodType,parameters);
		String msg = null;
		if(request != null){   
			try {
				HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
				if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){   //网络请求是否成功
					msg = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());   //得到响应数据
				}else{
					msg = "网络出错";
				}
			} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return msg;
	}
	
	/*将获取request的代码封装成方法*/
	public HttpUriRequest getRequest(String url,String MethodType,HashMap<String,Object> parameters){
		String httpUrl = url;
		if(MethodType.equalsIgnoreCase(HttpClientConnectUtil.DO_GET)){   //get请求
			if(parameters != null){  //参数不为空。
				httpUrl = httpUrl + "?";
				StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(httpUrl);
				for(String key:parameters.keySet()){
					Object values = parameters.get(key);
					sb.append(key).append("=").append(values).append("&");   
					//http://192.168.1.112:8080/app/myweb?username=xxx&password=xxx&  就是多出一个&
				}
				httpUrl = sb.substring(0, sb.length()-1);
			}
			HttpGet getRequest = new HttpGet(httpUrl);
			return getRequest;
		}else if(MethodType.equalsIgnoreCase(HttpClientConnectUtil.DO_POST)){  //post请求
			HttpPost postRequst = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
			if(parameters != null){  //带参数的
				ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
				for(String key:parameters.keySet()){
					Object values = parameters.get(key);
					BasicNameValuePair Pair = new BasicNameValuePair(key, (String) values);
					pairs.add(Pair);
				}
				try {
					HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, "UTF-8");//设置编码字符集防止乱码
					postRequst.setEntity(entity);  //向请求中加载参数
				} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}  
			}
			return postRequst;
		}
		return null;
	}
}

使用的时候只需构造参数调用方法就可以了。这里附上按钮事件请求响应的代码。

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>case R.id.httpclient_callback_btn:
			String callbackurl = "http://192.168.1.112:8080/app/myweb";
			HashMap<String,Object> callbackmap = new HashMap<String,Object>();
			callbackmap.put("username", "admin");
			callbackmap.put("password", "12321");
			
			/*ConnectCallBack callBack = new ConnectCallBack(){
				@Override
				public void getConnectMsg(String msg) {
					mShowMsgTxt.setText(msg + "    HttpClient回调封装的工具类响应");
				}
			};
			HttpClientConnectUtil connectUtil = new HttpClientConnectUtil();
			connectUtil.setConnectCallBack(callBack);
			connectUtil.HttpConnectMethod(callbackurl, "post", callbackmap);*/
			/*带参数的请求*/
			new HttpClientConnectUtil().HttpConnectMethod(callbackurl, HttpClientConnectUtil.DO_GET, callbackmap, new ConnectCallBack(){
				@Override
				public void getConnectMsg(String msg) {
					mShowMsgTxt.setText(msg + " -------   HttpClient回调封装的工具类响应+++++");
				}});
			
			/*不带参数的请求
			String callbackurl = "http://192.168.1.112:8080/app/and";
			new HttpClientConnectUtil().HttpConnectMethod(callbackurl, HttpClientConnectUtil.DO_GET,  new ConnectCallBack(){
				@Override
				public void getConnectMsg(String msg) {
					mShowMsgTxt.setText(msg + " -------   HttpClient回调封装的工具类响应+++++");
				}});*/
			break;

测试都是成功的。

提炼：

若是带参数请求时，参数是通过HashMap<key,value>键值对的形式传入的，在工具类中需要将这个HashMap参数解析出来，get请求则按照规定形式追加的URL后面。post请求则是HttpEntity对象，用到了HashMap的遍历：

<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>for(String key:parameters.keySet()){
					Object values = parameters.get(key);
					BasicNameValuePair Pair = new BasicNameValuePair(key, (String) values);
					pairs.add(Pair);
				}

for-each循环遍历。