Transformers库安装报错

安装Transformers库用来调取最新的深度学习模型（NLP）

 

安装时报错：

 ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:

 If you are using an outdated pip version, it is possible a prebuilt wheel is available for
this package but pip is not able to install from it. Installing from the wheel would avoid
the need for a Rust compiler.

 To update pip, run:

     pip install --upgrade pip

 and then retry package installation.

 If you did intend to build this package from source, try installing a Rust compiler from
your system package manager and ensure it is on the PATH during installation.
Alternatively, rustup (available at https://rustup.rs) is the recommended way to download
and update the Rust compiler toolchain.
 ----------------------------------------

按提示进行更新：pip install --upgrade pip，但是没有效果，显示Requirement already satisfied

按照提示安装rustup，安装后新的报错出现了：

 error: linker `link.exe` not found
   |
   = note: program not found

 note: the msvc targets depend on the msvc linker but `link.exe` was not found

 note: please ensure that VS 2013, VS 2015, VS 2017, VS 2019 or VS 2022 was installed with the Visual C++ option

提示说没有微软MS VC++编译环境的链接程序linker.exe，需要 VS 2013, VS 2015, VS 2017 or VS 2019或其他版本的VC++编译器，看了网上的解决方案，安装了Visual Studio 2019 生成工具Visual Studio 2019 build tools，下载build tools之后，在Visual studio installer中只选择“C++生成工具”，然后只选择"MSVC v142 - VS2019 C++ x64/x86 生成工具"

注意要在VS中登录一下微软账号，否则依然会报错。

解决了这一难题后，新的报错再次出现

warning: spurious network error (2 tries remaining): failed to send request: 鎿嶄綔瓒呮椂
; class=Os (2)
warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): failed to send request: 鎿嶄綔瓒呮椂
; class=Os (2)
error: failed to get `env_logger` as a dependency of package `tokenizers-python v0.11.0

尝试了三种方法，第一种删掉了~/.cargo/registry/index，第二种直接输入命令

 rustup toolchain install stable-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
 rustup default stable-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu

但是两种方法都无效，仍然提示linker `link.exe` not found，因此尝试了第三种方法

之前安装是只安装了"MSVC v142 - VS2019 C++ x64/x86 生成工具"，这一次把下面两项也安装上了，Windows 10 SDK应该是必须要安装的

好，这个问题终于解决了，下面来到了本次任务的终极问题——

ERROR: Cannot uninstall 'PyYAML'. It is a distutils installed project and thus we cannot
accurately determine which files belong to it which would lead to only a partial uninstall.

提示说环境中已经存在某个版本的PyYAML，因此需要重新安装PyYAML，输入指令pip install PyYAML --ignore-installed，然后再重新安装一次Transformers，成功啦！！