103.Linked List Cycle II-带环链表 II(难题)

带环链表 II

  1. 题目

    给定一个链表,如果链表中存在环,则返回到链表中环的起始节点的值,如果没有环,返回null。

  2. 样例

    给出 -21->10->4->5, tail connects to node index 1,返回10

  3. 挑战

    不使用额外的空间

  4. 题解

    首先通过快慢指针得到该链表是否带环,如果有环则将快慢指针进行重置,分别指向头节点和之前相遇的节点,再进行单步前进,两指针相遇的节点就是环的入口节点。
    证明如下:
    这里写图片描述
    如图所示:A为头结点,B为环入口节点,C为快慢指针相遇节点
    x为AB段长度,y为BC段长度,z为CB段长度。
    在相遇时慢指针走过x+y,快指针走过x+y+z+y,由于快指针速度为慢指针的2倍,则有2*(x+y) = x+y+z+y =>x=z,即两指针分别从A、C两点出发,速度相同则必会在B点相遇。

/**
 * Definition for ListNode.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode(int val) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.next = null;
 *     }
 * }
 */ 
public class Solution {
    /**
     * @param head: The first node of linked list.
     * @return: The node where the cycle begins. 
     *           if there is no cycle, return null
     */
    public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {  
        if (head == null || head.next == null)
        {
            return null;
        }
        ListNode enCounter = null;
        ListNode slow = head;
        ListNode quick = head;
        while (true)
        {
            slow = slow.next;
            quick = quick.next;
            if (slow == null || quick == null || quick.next == null)
            {
                return null;
            }
            quick = quick.next;
            if (slow == quick)
            {
                enCounter = slow;
                break;
            }
        }
        slow = head;
        quick = enCounter;
        while (true)
        {
            if (slow == quick)
            {
                enCounter = slow;
                break;
            }
            slow = slow.next;
            quick = quick.next;
        }

        return enCounter;
    }
}

Last Update 2016.12.5

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
To merge k sorted linked lists, one approach is to repeatedly merge two of the linked lists until all k lists have been merged into one. We can use a priority queue to keep track of the minimum element across all k linked lists at any given time. Here's the code to implement this idea: ``` struct ListNode { int val; ListNode* next; ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {} }; // Custom comparator for the priority queue struct CompareNode { bool operator()(const ListNode* node1, const ListNode* node2) const { return node1->val > node2->val; } }; ListNode* mergeKLists(vector<ListNode*>& lists) { priority_queue<ListNode*, vector<ListNode*>, CompareNode> pq; for (ListNode* list : lists) { if (list) { pq.push(list); } } ListNode* dummy = new ListNode(-1); ListNode* curr = dummy; while (!pq.empty()) { ListNode* node = pq.top(); pq.pop(); curr->next = node; curr = curr->next; if (node->next) { pq.push(node->next); } } return dummy->next; } ``` We start by initializing a priority queue with all the head nodes of the k linked lists. We use a custom comparator that compares the values of two nodes and returns true if the first node's value is less than the second node's value. We then create a dummy node to serve as the head of the merged linked list, and a current node to keep track of the last node in the merged linked list. We repeatedly pop the minimum node from the priority queue and append it to the merged linked list. If the popped node has a next node, we push it onto the priority queue. Once the priority queue is empty, we return the head of the merged linked list. Note that this implementation has a time complexity of O(n log k), where n is the total number of nodes across all k linked lists, and a space complexity of O(k).
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值