Android Activity的构成

setContentView到底做了什么

打开Activity.java,找到 其中的一个 setContentView，他的参数为 int layoutResID。

    /**
     * Set the activity content from a layout resource.  The resource will be
     * inflated, adding all top-level views to the activity.
     *
     * @param layoutResID Resource ID to be inflated.
     *
     * @see #setContentView(android.view.View)
     * @see #setContentView(android.view.View, android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams)
     */
    public void setContentView(@LayoutRes int layoutResID) {
        getWindow().setContentView(layoutResID);
        initWindowDecorActionBar();
    }

@LayoutRes 是java的注解，请参考 http://www.cnblogs.com/gmq-sh/p/4798194.html

来看第一行 的 getWindow：

    /**
     * Retrieve the current {@link android.view.Window} for the activity.
     * This can be used to directly access parts of the Window API that
     * are not available through Activity/Screen.
     *
     * @return Window The current window, or null if the activity is not
     *         visual.
     */
    public Window getWindow() {
        return mWindow;
    }

看起来是直接返回了 mWindow ， 他的类型是 Window。
那么他是怎么被创建出来的呢？ 继续在 Activity.java中查找发现：

final void attach(...)
{
	mWindow = new PhoneWindow(this, window, activityConfigCallback);
}

所以转到 PhoneWindow 的 setContentView:

    @Override
    public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
		if (mContentParent == null) {
            installDecor();
        } else if (!hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
            mContentParent.removeAllViews();
        }
        ...
	}

    private void installDecor() {
        mForceDecorInstall = false;
        if (mDecor == null) {
            mDecor = generateDecor(-1);
            mDecor.setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS);
            mDecor.setIsRootNamespace(true);
            if (!mInvalidatePanelMenuPosted && mInvalidatePanelMenuFeatures != 0) {
                mDecor.postOnAnimation(mInvalidatePanelMenuRunnable);
            }
        } else {
            mDecor.setWindow(this);
        }
        ...
   }

mDecor 的类型是 DecorView， 这个view就是Activity的根View，他声明在 PhoneWindow里面：

    // This is the top-level view of the window, containing the window decor.
    private DecorView mDecor;

mDecor = generateDecor(-1);
protected DecorView generateDecor(int featureId) {
	...
	return new DecorView(context, featureId, this, getAttributes());
}

然后 在PhoneWindow的 installDecor 中拿到 mDecor之后， 会call

mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor);

generateLayout 主要做这两件事情：1. 加载布局， 2. 配置布局给 layoutResource

protected ViewGroup generateLayout(DecorView decor) {
    // Apply data from current theme.
	
	// Inflate the window decor.
}

这样就形成了下面这么一个布局：详情可以看 screen_title.xml的内容

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true">
    <!-- Popout bar for action modes -->
    <ViewStub android:id="@+id/action_mode_bar_stub"
              android:inflatedId="@+id/action_mode_bar"
              android:layout="@layout/action_mode_bar"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
              android:theme="?attr/actionBarTheme" />
    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent" 
        android:layout_height="?android:attr/windowTitleSize"
        style="?android:attr/windowTitleBackgroundStyle">
        <TextView android:id="@android:id/title" 
            style="?android:attr/windowTitleStyle"
            android:background="@null"
            android:fadingEdge="horizontal"
            android:gravity="center_vertical"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />
    </FrameLayout>
    <FrameLayout android:id="@android:id/content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent" 
        android:layout_height="0dip"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:foregroundGravity="fill_horizontal|top"
        android:foreground="?android:attr/windowContentOverlay" />
</LinearLayout>