北航研究生复试2015上机第3题

题目

输入一篇可能未经排版的文章，挑选出其中的单词【单词中不包含“（”等特殊符号】，然后按字典序输出。

样例

1. 输入
   When most kids go to school and study the knowledge, few special kids have made their history. A small boy from America wins the international contest by defeating adult competitors. He becomes the youngest winner. He has the gift and so many parents want to have such a kid. Though we are not that smart, we still can study hard to realize our dreams.
2. 输出
   a
   adult
   america
   and
   are
   becomes
   boy
   by
   can
   competitors
   contest
   defeating
   dreams
   few
   rom
   gift
   go
   hard
   has
   have
   he
   history
   international
   kid
   kids
   knowledge
   made
   many
   most
   not
   our
   p
   rents
   realize
   school
   small
   smart
   so
   special
   still
   study
   such
   that
   the
   their
   though
   to
   want
   we
   when
   winner
   wins
   youngest

分析

从输入的txt文件中读取字符串，分离得到每个单词，一律变为小写，再按字典序即ASCII码值对每个单词进行排序，在这里将输出也写入文件。

代码

#include <srdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define SIZE 20 // 最长单词长度
#define NUM 150 // 最大单词数量

int compar(const void*, const void*);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	char ch, temp[SIZE] = "\0", *str[NUM];
	FILE* fp; // 读取文件指针
	FILE* wp; // 写入文件指针
	fp = fopen("filein.txt", "r");
	wp = fopen("fileout.txt", "w");
	if(fp == NULL || wp == NULL)
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	int n = 0, num = 0;
	while((ch = getc(fp)) != EOF)
	{
		/* 是字母则加入单词字符串数组，
		不是则在字符串数组后加上'\0'并赋给指针数组*/
		if(isalpha(ch))
			temp[n ++] = tolower(ch);
		else if(n)
		{
			temp[n] = '\0';
			n = 0;
			str[num] = (char*)calloc(strlen(temp), sizeof(char));
			strcpy(str[num ++], temp);
			memset(temp, '\0', sizeof(temp));
		}
	}
	qsort(str, num, sizeof(char*), compar);
	int i;
	for(i = 0;i < num;++ i)
	{
		fputs(str[i], wp);
		putc('\n', wp);
	}
	fclose(fp);
	fclose(wp);
	for(i = 0;i < num;++ i)
		free(str[i]);
	return 0;
}

int compar(const void* a, const void* b)
{
	return strcmp(*((char**)a), *((char**)b));
}