使用reduce分组

const array = [
  { category: 'fruits', item: 'apple' },
  { category: 'animals', item: 'dog' },
  { category: 'fruits', item: 'banana' },
  { category: 'animals', item: 'cat' },
  { category: 'vegetables', item: 'carrot' }
];
 
const groupBy = (array, key) => {
  return array.reduce((result, currentItem) => {
    // 使用 key 函数提取分组键值
    const groupKey = key(currentItem);
 
    // 确保 result 对象中有对应分组的数组
    if (!result[groupKey]) {
      result[groupKey] = [];
    }
 
    // 将当前项添加到对应分组的数组中
    result[groupKey].push(currentItem);
 
    return result;
  }, {});
};
 
const groupedArray = groupBy(array, item => item.category);
console.log(groupedArray);