Web 开发 身份验证2 | SpringBoot 整合 JWT | 前后端分离策略 | 跨域问题的出现与解决

运行环境

• Windows 11
• JDK8
• IDEA 2021 专业版
• Visual Studio Code 2022

一、SpringBoot 整合 JWT 案例

---

1.1 后端部分

项目结构：

1.1.1 引入 Maven 依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.bbs.uni</groupId>
    <artifactId>uni</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>uni</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>


        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.auth0/java-jwt -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
            <artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
            <version>3.19.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.25</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

其中关于 JWT 的依赖为 ：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.auth0/java-jwt -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
  <artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
  <version>3.19.2</version>
</dependency>

1.1.2 定义实体类

枚举类 HttpStatusEnum 用于标识响应的状态码以及消息

package com.bbs.uni.enums;

public enum HttpStatusEnum {
   
    SUCCESS(200, "请求成功!"),
    FAIL(500, "服务器内部出错."),
    NOT_FOUND(404, "找不到所指定的资源."),
    NOT_AUTH(401, "权限不足.");
    private final int code;
    private final String msg;
    private HttpStatusEnum(int code, String msg){
   
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
    }
    public int code(){
    return code; }
    public String msg() {
    return msg; }
}

1）R.java 用于响应前端请求，关于返回数据的请求都是直接返回 R 对象，R 即 Response响应的缩写

package com.bbs.uni.entity;

import com.bbs.uni.enums.HttpStatusEnum;
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 封装响应对象
 * @param <T>
 */
@Data
public class R<T> implements Serializable {
   

    private Integer code;  // 响应的代码
    private String msg; // 响应的信息
    private T data;     // 响应的数据

    public R(){
   
    }
    public R(int code, String message, T data){
   
        this.code = code;
        this.setMsg(message);
        this.data = data;
    }
    public R(int code, T data){
   
        this.code = code;
        this.data = data;
    }
    public R