继承关系

通过子类对象调用父类有而子类没有的函数时，若该函数中调用了父类和子类共有的成员变量或成员非虚函数，则使用的是父类的，但是若在该函数中调用的是父类和子类共有的虚函数，则调用的是子类的虚函数，且上述均和加不加this指针没有关系。注意，此时我也没有用基类的指针指向子类对象，而是直接通过子类对象调用父类函数。

使用基类指针指向子类对象后，若用指针调用父类子类共有的成员变量或成员非虚函数，调用的是父类的。

子类对象初始化时，先调用基类的构造函数，此时子类还未出现，故调用虚函数时调用的是基类的。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class father {
public:
	int a = 0;
	int b = 2;
	father() {
		cout << "construc father:" << endl;
		mutual_func();
		virtual_mutual1();
	}

	void father_func() {
		cout << "father_func" << endl;
		cout << a << endl;
		cout << this->a << endl;
		mutual_func();
		this->mutual_func();
		virtual_mutual1();
		this->virtual_mutual1();
	}
	void mutual_func() {
		cout << "father_mutual" << endl;
		cout << this->a << endl;
	}
	virtual void virtual_mutual1() {
		cout << "father_virtual_mutual1" << endl;
	}
	virtual void virtual_mutual2() {
		cout << "father_virtual_mutual2" << endl;
	}
};

class son : public father {
public:
	int a = 1;
	son() {
		cout << "construc son:" << endl;
		mutual_func();
		virtual_mutual1();
	}
	void son_func() {
		cout << "son_func" << endl;
		cout << this->b << endl;
	}
	void mutual_func() {
		cout << "son_mutual" << endl;
		cout << this->a << endl;
	}
	virtual void virtual_mutual1() {
		cout << "son_virtual_mutual1" << endl;
	}
};

int main()
{
	son s;
	s.father_func();
	father* p;
	p = &s;
	cout << "p: " << endl;
	cout << p->a << endl;
	p->mutual_func();
	return 0;
}