博客声明:http://blog.csdn.net/up_seeker/article/details/8887257
参考文章:http://blog.csdn.net/andyxie407/article/details/1672325
今天在运行在APUE第16章的16-14(客户端)和16-15(服务端)遇到了不少问题,搞了半天,运行方法多谢andyxie407的文章给了很好地参考(本来就一样,不叫参考),后面还是运行不出结果,结果找到了两个程序抄错了的地方(原谅我,有时候,看一眼大概实现就把代码敲上去了),写都写到这了,还是把我的痛苦运行结果展示一番,代码如下:
//16-14.c 即客户端
#include "apue.h"
#include <netdb.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define MAXADDRLEN 256
#define BUFLEN 128
#define MAXSLLEP 128
int connect_retry(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t alen)
{
int nsec;
for ( nsec = 1; nsec < MAXSLLEP; nsec <<= 1) {//nsec <<= 1 equal to nsec = nsec << 1 equal to nsec /= 2;
if (connect(sockfd, addr, alen) == 0)
return 0;
if (nsec <= MAXSLLEP/2)
sleep(nsec);
}
return -1;
}
void print_uptime(int sockfd)
{
char buf[BUFLEN];
int n;
while ((n = recv(sockfd, buf, BUFLEN, 0)) > 0)
write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, n);
if (n < 0)
err_sys("recv error");
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct addrinfo *aip, *ailist;
struct addrinfo hint;
int err, sockfd;
if (argc != 2)
err_quit("Usage: ruptime hostname");
hint.ai_family = 0;
hint.ai_flags = 0;//AI_CANONNAME;
hint.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hint.ai_protocol = 0;
hint.ai_addrlen = 0;
hint.ai_canonname = NULL;
hint.ai_addr = NULL;
hint.ai_next = NULL;
if ((err = getaddrinfo(argv[1], "ruptime", &hint, &ailist)) != 0)
err_quit("getaddrinfo:%s", gai_strerror(err));
for (aip = ailist; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) {
if ((sockfd = socket(aip->ai_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
err = errno;
}
if (connect_retry(sockfd, aip->ai_addr, aip->ai_addrlen) < 0)
err = errno;
else {
printf("connect to ruptime server successfully !\n");
print_uptime(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
}
fprintf(stderr, "cannot connect to %s:%s\n", argv[1], strerror(err));
exit(1); //err happened
}
//16-15.c即服务端
#include "apue.h"
#include <netdb.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define BUFLEN 128
#define QLEN 10
#ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
#define HOST_NAME_MAX 256
#endif
int init_server(int type, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t alen, int qlen)
{
int fd, err = 0;
if ((fd = socket(addr->sa_family, type, 0)) < 0)
return -1;
if (bind(fd, addr, alen) < 0) {
err = errno;
goto errout;
}
if (type == SOCK_STREAM || type == SOCK_SEQPACKET) {
if (listen(fd, QLEN) < 0) {
err = errno;
goto errout;
}
}
return fd; //successful when prog arrive here.
errout:
close(fd); //exit with failuare
errno = err;
return -1;
}
void serve(int fd)
{
char buf[BUFLEN];
int clfd;
FILE *fp;
for ( ; ; ) {
if ((clfd = accept(fd, NULL, NULL)) < 0) {
syslog(LOG_ERR, "ruptime: accept error:%s", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
if ((fp = popen("/usr/bin/uptime", "r")) == NULL) {
sprintf(buf, "error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
send(clfd, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
} else {
while (fgets(buf, BUFLEN, fp) != NULL)
send(clfd, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
pclose(fp);
}
close(clfd); //send end
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct addrinfo *ailist, *aip;
struct addrinfo hint;
int err, sockfd, n;
char *host;
if (argc != 1)
err_quit("Usage:service");
#ifdef _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX
n = sysconf(_SC_HOST_NAME_MAX);
if (n < 0)
#endif
n = HOST_NAME_MAX;
host = malloc(n);
if (!host)
err_sys("malloc error");
if (gethostname(host, n) < 0)
err_sys("gethostname");
printf("host name is:%s\n", host);
daemonize("ruptimed");
hint.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
hint.ai_family = 0;
hint.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hint.ai_protocol = 0;
hint.ai_addrlen = 0;
hint.ai_canonname = NULL;
hint.ai_addr = NULL;
hint.ai_next = NULL;
if ((err = getaddrinfo(host, "ruptime", &hint, &ailist)) != 0) {
syslog(LOG_ERR , "ruptime:getaddrinfo error:%s", gai_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
for (aip = ailist; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) {
sockfd = init_server(SOCK_STREAM, aip->ai_addr, aip->ai_addrlen, QLEN);
if (sockfd >= 0){
serve(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
}
exit(1);
}
分别编译成可执行文件,然后运行服务端 ./ruptimed,可以通过/var/log/syslog看到发生了错误
Servname not supported for ai_socktype .
解决方法之一:先到/etc/services中添加如下内容
ruptime 4000/tcp
保存离开,但是你要确保4000这个端口没有被其他服务占用,否则改用其他端口。这时先运行
$./ruptimed
这是16-15编译出的名字,可以通过ps -ef 看到刚才的程序已成为后台程序,再运行
$./ruptime ubuntu
得到结果。
12:06:45 up 21:40, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
还有一种方法不用更改/etc/services的方法,是将程序中的服务名改成端口号,然后改些其他内容,详见参考文章!
顺便提醒自己一句:在你不能保证自己程序的正确性时(即便编译通过不能代表没有写错或写漏一些东西),先不要到处找程序之外的任何原因,谨记!