项目说明
- 使用SpringMVC提供的组件进行异常处理
- 自定义异常类,用来抛出的异常类
- 自定义异常处理器,需要继承
HandlerExceptionResolver
类,用来对异常类进行处理,错误页面的跳转
环境搭建
pom文件
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<!-- 设置版本锁定-->
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
配置web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- 配置前端核心控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 应用启动时创建servlet-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<!-- 所有请求通过控制器-->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置解决乱码问题的过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
配置springmvc.xml
- 配置异常处理器
- spring创建容器时要扫描的包
- 配置视图解析器
- 开启springmvc框架对注解的支持
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- spring创建容器时要扫描的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cncs"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器-->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置异常处理器-->
<bean id="customExceptionResolver" class="com.cncs.exception.CustomExceptionResolver"></bean>
<!--开启springmvc框架对注解的支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
编写代码
自定义异常类
package com.cncs.exception;
public class SysException extends Exception {
private String message;
public SysException(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
@Override
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
自定义异常处理器
public class CustomExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
SysException sysException = null;
//如果抛出的是系统自定义异常,则强转
if (ex instanceof SysException) {
//强转
sysException = (SysException) ex;
}
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("message", sysException.getMessage());
mv.setViewName("error");
return mv;
}
}
jsp代码
页面请求index.jsp
<a href="user/testException" >testException</a>
错误页面error.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
执行失败!
${message}
</body>
</html>
controller代码
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/testException")
public String testException() throws SysException {
System.out.println("testException executing...");
try {
//模拟异常
int a = 33 / 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
//打印异常
e.printStackTrace();
//抛出自定义异常信息
throw new SysException("内部错误! 请与管理员联系!");
}
return "success";
}
}