SpringMVC案例06--异常处理

项目说明

• 使用SpringMVC提供的组件进行异常处理
• 自定义异常类，用来抛出的异常类
• 自定义异常处理器，需要继承HandlerExceptionResolver类，用来对异常类进行处理，错误页面的跳转

环境搭建

pom文件

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <!--    设置版本锁定-->
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

配置web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!--  配置前端核心控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--    应用启动时创建servlet-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <!--    所有请求通过控制器-->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!--    配置解决乱码问题的过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

配置springmvc.xml

• 配置异常处理器
• spring创建容器时要扫描的包
• 配置视图解析器
• 开启springmvc框架对注解的支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--    spring创建容器时要扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cncs"></context:component-scan>
    <!--    配置视图解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--    配置异常处理器-->
    <bean id="customExceptionResolver" class="com.cncs.exception.CustomExceptionResolver"></bean>
    <!--开启springmvc框架对注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

编写代码

自定义异常类

package com.cncs.exception;

public class SysException extends Exception {

    private String message;

    public SysException(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    @Override
    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }
}

自定义异常处理器

public class CustomExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
        SysException sysException = null;
        //如果抛出的是系统自定义异常，则强转
        if (ex instanceof SysException) {
            //强转
            sysException = (SysException) ex;
        }
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("message", sysException.getMessage());
        mv.setViewName("error");
        return mv;
    }
}

jsp代码

页面请求index.jsp

 <a href="user/testException" >testException</a>

错误页面error.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    执行失败！
    ${message}
</body>
</html>

controller代码

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/testException")
    public String testException() throws SysException {
        System.out.println("testException executing...");
        try {
            //模拟异常
            int a = 33 / 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            //打印异常
            e.printStackTrace();
            //抛出自定义异常信息
            throw new SysException("内部错误！ 请与管理员联系！");
        }
        return "success";
    }
}