SpringBoot实现文件上传

判断文件类型

借助工具Hutool

判断文件类型使用Java工具包Hutool，它帮助我们简化每一行代码，减少每一个方法，让Java语言也可以“甜甜的。

Hutool安装

maven安装

<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
    <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
    <version>5.6.0</version>
</dependency>

使用

   String type = FileTypeUtil.getType(file.getInputStream());

根据请求头判断

public class FileType {

    //默认判断文件头前三个字节内容
    public static int CHECK_BYTES_NUMBER = 3;

    public final static Map<String, String> FILE_TYPE_MAP = new HashMap<String, String>();

    private FileType(){}
    static{
        getAllFileType(); //初始化文件类型信息
    }

    /**
     * Discription:[getAllFileType,常见文件头信息]
     */
    private static void getAllFileType()
    {
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("ffd8ffe000104a464946", "jpg"); //JPEG (jpg)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("89504e470d0a1a0a0000", "png"); //PNG (png)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("47494638396126026f01", "gif"); //GIF (gif)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("49492a00227105008037", "tif"); //TIFF (tif)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("424d228c010000000000", "bmp"); //16色位图(bmp)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("424d8240090000000000", "bmp"); //24位位图(bmp)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("424d8e1b030000000000", "bmp"); //256色位图(bmp)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("41433130313500000000", "dwg"); //CAD (dwg)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("3c21444f435459504520", "html"); //HTML (html)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("3c21646f637479706520", "htm"); //HTM (htm)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("48544d4c207b0d0a0942", "css"); //css
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("696b2e71623d696b2e71", "js"); //js
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("7b5c727466315c616e73", "rtf"); //Rich Text Format (rtf)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("38425053000100000000", "psd"); //Photoshop (psd)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("46726f6d3a203d3f6762", "eml"); //Email [Outlook Express 6] (eml)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("d0cf11e0a1b11ae10000", "doc"); //MS Excel 注意：word、msi 和 excel的文件头一样
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("d0cf11e0a1b11ae10000", "wps");//WPS文字wps、表格et、演示dps都是一样的
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("d0cf11e0a1b11ae10000", "vsd"); //Visio 绘图
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("504b0304140006000800", "docx");//docx文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("5374616E64617264204A", "mdb"); //MS Access (mdb)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("252150532D41646F6265", "ps");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("255044462d312e350d0a", "pdf"); //Adobe Acrobat (pdf)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("2e524d46000000120001", "rmvb"); //rmvb/rm相同
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("464c5601050000000900", "flv"); //flv与f4v相同
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("00000020667479706d70", "mp4");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("49443303000000002176", "mp3");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("000001ba210001000180", "mpg"); //
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("3026b2758e66cf11a6d9", "wmv"); //wmv与asf相同
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("52494646e27807005741", "wav"); //Wave (wav)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("52494646d07d60074156", "avi");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("4d546864000000060001", "mid"); //MIDI (mid)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("504b0304140000000800", "zip");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("526172211a0700cf9073", "rar");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("235468697320636f6e66", "ini");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("504b03040a0000000000", "jar");
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("4d5a9000030000000400", "exe");//可执行文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("3c25402070616765206c", "jsp");//jsp文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("4d616e69666573742d56", "mf");//MF文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("3c3f786d6c2076657273", "xml");//xml文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("494e5345525420494e54", "sql");//xml文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("7061636b616765207765", "java");//java文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("406563686f206f66660d", "bat");//bat文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("1f8b0800000000000000", "gz");//gz文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("6c6f67346a2e726f6f74", "properties");//bat文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("cafebabe0000002e0041", "class");//bat文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("49545346030000006000", "chm");//bat文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("04000000010000001300", "mxp");//bat文件
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("6431303a637265617465", "torrent");


        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("6D6F6F76", "mov"); //Quicktime (mov)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("FF575043", "wpd"); //WordPerfect (wpd)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("CFAD12FEC5FD746F", "dbx"); //Outlook Express (dbx)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("2142444E", "pst"); //Outlook (pst)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("AC9EBD8F", "qdf"); //Quicken (qdf)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("E3828596", "pwl"); //Windows Password (pwl)
        FILE_TYPE_MAP.put("2E7261FD", "ram"); //Real Audio (ram)
    }


    /**
     * 根据制定文件的文件头判断其文件类型
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     */
    public static String getFileType(String filePath){
        String res = null;

        try {
            FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
            getFileType(stream);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return res;
    }
    public static String getFileType(InputStream in){
        String res = null;
        try {

            byte[] b = new byte[CHECK_BYTES_NUMBER];
            in.read(b, 0, b.length);
            String fileCode = bytesToHexString(b);

//            System.out.println(fileCode);


            //这种方法在字典的头代码不够位数的时候可以用但是速度相对慢一点
            Iterator<String> keyIter = FILE_TYPE_MAP.keySet().iterator();
            while(keyIter.hasNext()){
                String key = keyIter.next();
                if(key.toLowerCase().startsWith(fileCode.toLowerCase()) || fileCode.toLowerCase().startsWith(key.toLowerCase())){
                    res = FILE_TYPE_MAP.get(key);
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return res;
    }

    /**
     * 得到上传文件的文件头
     * @param src
     * @return
     */
    public static String bytesToHexString(byte[] src) {
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        if (src == null || src.length <= 0) {
            return null;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
            int v = src[i] & 0xFF;
            String hv = Integer.toHexString(v);
            if (hv.length() < 2) {
                stringBuilder.append(0);
            }
            stringBuilder.append(hv);
        }
        return stringBuilder.toString();
    }

    public static int getCheckBytesNumber() {
        return CHECK_BYTES_NUMBER;
    }

    public static void setCheckBytesNumber(int checkBytesNumber) {
        CHECK_BYTES_NUMBER = checkBytesNumber;
    }
}

文件上传

 @PostMapping(value = "fileUpload")
    public Result fileUpload(@RequestParam(value = "file") MultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        if (file.isEmpty()){
            System.out.println("文件为空");
            return Result.FAIL().message("文件为空");
        }
//        String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("upload");
        String staticPath = ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader().getResource("").getPath().replaceFirst("/","");
        String type = FileTypeUtil.getType(file.getInputStream());
        //获取ContentType
        String contentType = file.getContentType();
        String fileType = contentType.substring(0,contentType.lastIndexOf("/"));
        String uploadPath = "";
        if (fileType == "image") {
            uploadPath = staticPath + "upload/img/";
        }else if(type == "video"){
            uploadPath = staticPath + "upload/video/";
        }else if(type == "text"){
            uploadPath = staticPath + "upload/text/";
        }else if(type == "application"){
            uploadPath = staticPath + "upload/file/";
        }else {
            uploadPath = staticPath + "upload/other";
        }
        //文件名
        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        //后缀名
        String suffixName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
        File file1 = new File(uploadPath);
        if (!file1.exists()){
            file1.mkdir();
        }
        if (fileName!=null&&!"".equals(fileName.trim())){
            String newName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "") + suffixName;
            //创建文件
            File desFile = new File(uploadPath + File.separator + newName);
            System.out.println("绝对路径：" + uploadPath);
            //将源文件写入服务器
            try {
                file.transferTo(desFile);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            String fileUrl = uploadPath + newName;
            System.out.println("文件路径：" + fileUrl);
            request.setAttribute("fileUrl",fileUrl);

            return Result.OK().data("fileUrl",fileUrl);
        }

        request.setAttribute("error","上传失败");
        return Result.FAIL().message("上传失败");
    }

限制上传文件大小

在配置文件中添加下面设置

spring:
  servlet:
    multipart:
      max-file-size: 1024MB # 最大上传单个文件大小：默认1M
      max-request-size: 1024MB # 最大总上传的数据大小 ：默认10M