关于ArrayList的容量的增长的问题研究

Java面试中会问到ArrayList的每次扩容的大小.以前只是知道.并不知道代码具体实现.今天看了一下源码.记录一下.以便于以后查看

     在1.6.x版中

 public void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
	modCount++;
	int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
	if (minCapacity > oldCapacity) {
	    Object oldData[] = elementData;
	    int newCapacity = (oldCapacity * 3)/2 + 1; //容量为50%+1
    	    if (newCapacity < minCapacity)
		newCapacity = minCapacity;
            // minCapacity is usually close to size, so this is a win:
            elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
	}
    }

   可以看到容量增加为原来的50%+1

   在1.7.x版本中

private void grow(int minCapacity) {
        // overflow-conscious code
        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
        int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1);  //容量为50%
        if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0)
            newCapacity = minCapacity;
        if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
            newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
        // minCapacity is usually close to size, so this is a win:
        elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
    }

  可以看到容量增加为原来的50%.并且在1.7.x版本中使用延迟分配数组大小.只有首次调用add方法的时候,才会分配内存.1.6版本中只要用默认构造函数创建一个对象,就会分配容量为10的数组.看一下源码的对比

1.6.x版本

public ArrayList(int initialCapacity) {
	super();
        if (initialCapacity < 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
                                               initialCapacity);
	this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];   
    }

    public ArrayList() {
	this(10); // 当创建对象时候,默认分配容量为10的数组

    }

1.7.x版本

private static final Object[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;
public ArrayList() {
        super();
        this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;    // 当创建对象时候,默认分配容量为0的数组

    }
 public boolean add(E e) {
        ensureCapacityInternal(size + 1);  // Increments modCount!!
        elementData[size++] = e;
        return true;
    }
 private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
        if (elementData == EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
            minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);  //当第一次调用add方法,才会分配容量为10的数组
        }

        ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
    }

 我们用代码测试一下

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		List<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();
		getLength(list);
		list.add(new Object());
		getLength(list);
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		list.add(new Object());
		getLength(list);
	}
	
	static void getLength(Object  obj) throws Exception{
		if (obj instanceof List) {
			List list = (List) obj;
			Field  f =  list.getClass().getDeclaredField("elementData");
			f.setAccessible(true);
			Object[] value = (Object[]) f.get(obj);
			System.out.println("数组长度:"+value.length);
		}
	}
}

在1.6.x的版本中输出的结果

 数组长度为:10

 数组长度为:10

 数组长度为:16

在1.7.x的版本中输出的结果

 数组长度为:0

 数组长度为:10

 数组长度为:15