找到字符串中所有字母异位词-字符串438-python&c++

滑动窗口

python

import collections

class Solution:
    def findAnagrams(self, s: str, p: str):
        left, right = 0, 0
        m = len(s)
        n = len(p)
        valid = 0
        needs = collections.Counter(p)
        window = {}
        res = []

        while right < m:
            c = s[right]
            right += 1

            if needs.get(c, -1) != -1:
                if window.get(c, -1) == -1:
                    window[c] = 1
                else:
                    window[c] += 1
                
                if window[c] == needs[c]:
                    valid += 1
            
            while right - left == n:
                if valid == len(needs):
                    res.append(left)
                
                d = s[left]
                left += 1

                if needs.get(d, -1) != -1:
                    if window[d] == needs[d]:
                        valid -= 1
                    window[d] -=1
        
        return res

c++

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> findAnagrams(string s, string p) {
        // 滑动窗口
        unordered_map<char, int> need;
        unordered_map<char, int> window;
        int left = 0, right = 0;
        int valid = 0;
        vector<int> res;

        // 将p的字符哈希表化
        for (auto& c : p) {
            need[c]++;
        }
        int target = need.size();

        while (right < s.size()) {
            // 扩大窗口
            char c = s[right];
            right++;
            window[c]++;
            if (window[c] == need[c]) {
                valid++;
            }

            // 窗口长度超过p的长度，缩小窗口
            while (right - left >= p.size()) {
                if (valid == target) {
                    res.emplace_back(left);
                }

                char d = s[left];
                left++;
                if(window[d] == need[d]) valid--;
                window[d]--;
            }
        }

        return res;
    }
};