fastapi安装及访问页面

1.fastapi安装及访问页面

环境

Python3.8

pip3 install fastapi

pip3 install uvicorn

pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple 更换阿里源

安装python3.8后使用pip命令安装 fastapi 第三方模块以及 uvicorn 模块
导入 fastapi

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/")
async def root():
    return {"message": "Hello World"}

写入到名为web.py中在终端使用命令启动web

uvicorn web:app --reload

uvicorn main:app --host ‘192.168.93.131’ --port 8080 --reload Linux上这样启动不然会冲突

访问：loaclhost:8000

页面展示Hello World信息

web访问完成

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2.与mysq数据库连接

安装 sqlalchemy 模块

建造User的映射

from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base

Base = declarative_base()

class User(Base): #构造映射字段
    __tablename__ = 'tbluser' #对应mysql的tbluser表
    userid = Column(Integer,primary_key=True) #表中字段userid
    username = Column(String(255))#表中username字段

    def __init__(self,userid,username): #构造函数
        self.userid = userid
        self.username = username

    def __str__(self):  #打印形式
        return "id：%s,名称：%s" % (str(self.userid) ,self.username)

链接mysql用pymysql方式连接

安装pymysql

pip install pymysql

from sqlalchemy import Column, String, create_engine, Integer
#数据库类型+数据库驱动名称://用户名:口令@机器地址:端口号/数据库名
engine =create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:123456@localhost:3306/fastapi",encoding='utf-8')
# 把当前的引擎绑定给这个会话
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
# 实例化
session = Session()

查询user

#查询
@app.get("/user/{user_id}")
async def queryUserByUserId(user_id):
    # 创建Query查询，filter是where条件，调用one返回唯一行，调用all则是返回所有行
    try:
        user1 = session.query(User).filter(User.userid==user_id).one()
        if user1 ==None:
            return "查询无结果"
        # user2 = session.query(User).filter(User.userid == '2').one()
        # vars1 = {"第一位":user1,"第二位":user2}
        # userList = session.query(User).all()
        # for user in userList:
        #     print(user)
        # user = engine.connect().execute("select * from tbluser where userid = 1;")
        # user = session.execute("select * from user where id = 1;")
        session.close()
    except ArithmeticError:
            print("Error: 查询失败")
    return user1

增加单个User CreatUser是用来存储前端穿过来的对象，无法用User这个对象，后续添加的话需要将CreatUser里面值重新赋值给User对象，进行添加

class CreatUser(BaseModel):
    userid : int
    username : str

    def __str__(self):
        return "id：%s,名称：%s" % (str(self.userid) ,self.username)
    
# 增加一个
@app.post("/user/addUser")
async def InserUser(user: CreatUser):
    try:
        dataUser = User(userid=user.userid,username=user.username)#将CreatUser接收到的值宠幸赋值给User
        session.add(dataUser)
        session.commit()#每次添加都要commit提交
        session.close()#关闭
    except ArithmeticError:
          print("Error: 添加失败")
    return "添加成功"
   

from typing import List  #导入typing模块 的List
# 增加多个
@app.post("/user/addUserList")
async def addUserList(*,user: List[CreatUser]):  # 接受List列表 前提需要导入List
    try:
        for u in user:
            dataUser = User(userid=u.userid, username=u.username)
            session.add(dataUser)               #我觉得这里这样处理应该太消耗资源了,等待更新
        session.commit()
        session.close()
    except ArithmeticError:
        print("Error: 添加失败")
    return "添加成功"

修改

#修改
@app.put("/user/updateUser")
async def updateUser(user_id: int ,updateUser:schema.CreatUser):
    try:
       queryUser = session.query(models.User).filter(models.User.userid==user_id).one()
       update_dict = updateUser.dict(exclude_unset=True) #变成字典,修改所有
       for k, v in update_dict.items():
           setattr(queryUser, k, v)
       session.commit()
       session.refresh(queryUser)
       session.close()
    except ArithmeticError:
        print("Error: 修改失败")
    return queryUser

删除:逻辑删除

#删除
@app.delete("/user/deleteUser")
async def deleteUser(user_id,deleteUser: schema.CreatUser):
    queryUser = session.query(models.User).filter(models.User.userid == user_id).one()
    setattr(queryUser, "isDelete", 0)  #修改isDelete的值为0
    session.commit()
    session.close()
    return {'Result': '删除成功'}

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总结：

• class User(Base): #这里Base用来从数据库获取User对象进行字段映射展示的
  class CreatUser(BaseModel): #接受前台传入的对象，需要把值重新给User保存到数据库
  每次查询操作都需要关闭session 
  提交修改操作需要commit，close