mysql5.6GTID实现主从复制、读写分离

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-13 10:19:10 发布

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mysql5.6GTID实现主从复制、读写分离

环境：

主机1：centos7-master

主机2：centos7-slave

主机3：sentos6.5-mysql-proxy

一、安装mysql

主机1、主机2分别执行以下命令安装mysql5.6

1、擦好看系统自带的mysql并卸载

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core) 

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep  mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64

2、下载mysql5.6
下载地址：https://edelivery.oracle.com/EPD/Search/handle_go
或者百度网盘：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDu6n9R

3、创建目录、用户并复制相关文件

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /mydata/data
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r mysql
[root@localhost ~]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# chown -R mysql:mysql mydata/data/

[root@localhost local]# tar xvf mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C  /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown  -R root:mysql ./*
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# cp  support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig  --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

二、my.cnf配置

master上my.cnf

[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-bin=master-bin
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on 
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=1
report-port=3306
port=3306
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=yuan

slave上my.cnf

[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on 
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=11
report-port=3306
port=3306
log-bin=mysql-bin.log
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=yuan1
#innodb_force_recovery = 1

主授权用户

mysql> show global variables like '%uuid%';
mysql> grant REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'repluser'@'192.168.75.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'asd123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

slave连接master

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.75.158', MASTER_USER='repluser', MASTER_PASSWORD='asd123',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
查看状态
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G; 
启动Slave_IO_Running: Yes
    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;

master创建样例数据库

mysql> create database mydb;
mysql> show datadbs;
mysql> show slave hosts;

三、mysql-proxy安装与配置

1、安装mysql-proxy

下载地址http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-32bit.tar.gz

主机3上配置

[root@yuan ~]# rpm -qa |grep lua
[root@yuan ~]# tar xf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-32bit.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@yuan ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@yuan local]# useradd mysql-proxy -r
[root@yuan local]# ln -sv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-32bit/ mysql-proxy
"mysql-proxy" -> "mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-32bit/"
[root@yuan mysql-proxy]# .  /etc/profile.d/mysql-proxy.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin

复制如下内容建立admin.lua文件，将其保存至/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/目录中。

function set_error(errmsg) 
	proxy.response = {
		type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_ERR,
		errmsg = errmsg or "error"
	}
end

function read_query(packet)
	if packet:byte() ~= proxy.COM_QUERY then
		set_error("[admin] we only handle text-based queries (COM_QUERY)")
		return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
	end

	local query = packet:sub(2)

	local rows = { }
	local fields = { }

	if query:lower() == "select * from backends" then
		fields = { 
			{ name = "backend_ndx", 
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_LONG },

			{ name = "address",
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
			{ name = "state",
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
			{ name = "type",
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
			{ name = "uuid",
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
			{ name = "connected_clients", 
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_LONG },
		}

		for i = 1, #proxy.global.backends do
			local states = {
				"unknown",
				"up",
				"down"
			}
			local types = {
				"unknown",
				"rw",
				"ro"
			}
			local b = proxy.global.backends[i]

			rows[#rows + 1] = {
				i,
				b.dst.name,          -- configured backend address
				states[b.state + 1], -- the C-id is pushed down starting at 0
				types[b.type + 1],   -- the C-id is pushed down starting at 0
				b.uuid,              -- the MySQL Server's UUID if it is managed
				b.connected_clients  -- currently connected clients
			}
		end
	elseif query:lower() == "select * from help" then
		fields = { 
			{ name = "command", 
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
			{ name = "description", 
			  type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
		}
		rows[#rows + 1] = { "SELECT * FROM help", "shows this help" }
		rows[#rows + 1] = { "SELECT * FROM backends", "lists the backends and their state" }
	else
		set_error("use 'SELECT * FROM help' to see the supported commands")
		return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
	end

	proxy.response = {
		type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_OK,
		resultset = {
			fields = fields,
			rows = rows
		}
	}
	return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
end

启动

[root@yuan bin]# mysql-proxy --daemon --log-level=debug --log-file=/var/log/mysql-proxy.log --plugins="proxy" --proxy-backend-addresses='192.168.75.158:3306' --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses='192.168.75.172:3306' --proxy-lua-script="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua" --plugins=admin --admin-username="admin" --admin-password="admin" --admin-lua-script="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"

#查看端口
[root@yuan ~]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4040                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1873/mysql-proxy    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4041                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1873/mysql-proxy


[root@yuan bin]# tail /var/log/mysql-proxy.log

2016-07-22 16:14:13: (critical) mysql-proxy-cli.c:599: Failure from chassis_mainloop. Shutting down.
2016-07-22 16:14:13: (message) Initiating shutdown, requested from mysql-proxy-cli.c:600
2016-07-22 16:14:13: (message) shutting down normally, exit code is: 1
2016-07-22 16:19:42: (critical) plugin proxy 0.8.5 started
2016-07-22 16:19:42: (critical) plugin admin 0.8.5 started
2016-07-22 16:19:42: (debug) max open file-descriptors = 1024
2016-07-22 16:19:42: (message) proxy listening on port :<span style="color:#ff0000;">4040</span>
2016-07-22 16:19:42: (message) added read/write backend: <span style="color:#ff0000;">192.168.75.158:3306</span>
2016-07-22 16:19:42: (message) added read-only backend: <span style="color:#ff0000;">192.168.75.172:3306</span>
2016-07-22 16:19:42: (message) admin-server listening on port :4041

主上创建可以远程登陆的账号

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'hadoop';
mysql> show global variables like '%name%';
mysql> set @@globbal.skip_name_resolve=ON;

四、测试

主机2上测试，登录代理主机3

[root@centos mysql]# mysql -uadmin  -h192.168.75.185 --port=4041 -padmin
mysql> select * from backends;
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| backend_ndx | address             | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
|           1 | 192.168.75.158:3306 | up    | rw   | NULL |                 0 | 
|           2 | 192.168.75.172:3306 | up    | ro   | NULL |                 0 | 
+-------------+---------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@centos mysql]# mysql -uroot  -h192.168.75.185 --port=4040 -p

附录

以下是mage运维教程笔记

MySQL 5.6引入的GTID(Global Transaction IDs)使得其复制功能的配置、监控及管理变得更加易于实现，且更加健壮。

要在MySQL 5.6中使用复制功能，其服务配置段[mysqld]中于少应该定义如下选项：

binlog-format：二进制日志的格式，有row、statement和mixed几种类型；
需要注意的是：当设置隔离级别为READ-COMMITED必须设置二进制日志格式为ROW，现在MySQL官方认为STATEMENT这个已经不再适合继续使用；但mixed类型在默认的事务隔离级别下，可能会导致主从数据不一致；
log-slave-updates、gtid-mode、enforce-gtid-consistency、report-port和report-host：用于启动GTID及满足附属的其它需求；
master-info-repository和relay-log-info-repository：启用此两项，可用于实现在崩溃时保证二进制及从服务器安全的功能；
sync-master-info：启用之可确保无信息丢失；
slave-paralles-workers：设定从服务器的SQL线程数；0表示关闭多线程复制功能；
binlog-checksum、master-verify-checksum和slave-sql-verify-checksum：启用复制有关的所有校验功能；
binlog-rows-query-log-events：启用之可用于在二进制日志记录事件相关的信息，可降低故障排除的复杂度；
log-bin：启用二进制日志，这是保证复制功能的基本前提；
server-id：同一个复制拓扑中的所有服务器的id号必须惟一；

report-host：
The host name or IP address of the slave to be reported to the master during slave registration. This value appears in the output of SHOW SLAVE HOSTS on the master server.

report-port:
The TCP/IP port number for connecting to the slave, to be reported to the master during slave registration.

master-info-repository:
The setting of this variable determines whether the slave logs master status and connection information to a FILE (master.info), or to a TABLE (mysql.slave_master_info)

relay-log-info-repository：
This option causes the server to log its relay log info to a file or a table.

log_slave_updates：
Whether updates received by a slave server from a master server should be logged to the slave's own binary log. Binary logging must be enabled on the slave for this variable to have any effect.

enforce_gtid_consistency：

一、简单主从模式配置步骤

1、配置主从节点的服务配置文件

1.1、配置master节点：
[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-bin=master-bin
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=1
report-port=3306
port=3306
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=master.magedu.com

1.2、配置slave节点：
[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=11
report-port=3306
port=3306
log-bin=mysql-bin.log
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=slave.magedu.com
innodb_force_recovery = 1

2、创建复制用户

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO repluser@172.16.100.7 IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';

说明：172.16.100.7是从节点服务器；如果想一次性授权更多的节点，可以自行根据需要修改；

3、为备节点提供初始数据集

锁定主表，备份主节点上的数据，将其还原至从节点；如果没有启用GTID，在备份时需要在master上使用show master status命令查看二进制日志文件名称及事件位置，以便后面启动slave节点时使用。

4、启动从节点的复制线程

如果启用了GTID功能，则使用如下命令：
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master.magedu.com', MASTER_USER='repluser', MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;

没启用GTID，需要使用如下命令：
slave> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.100.6',
-> MASTER_USER='repluser',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000003',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=1174;

二、半同步复制

1、分别在主从节点上安装相关的插件

master> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';
slave> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';

2、启用半同步复制

在master上的配置文件中，添加
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=ON

在至少一个slave节点的配置文件中添加
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=ON

而后重新启动mysql服务即可生效。

或者，也可以mysql服务上动态启动其相关功能：

master> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = ON;
slave> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = ON;
slave> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD; START SLAVE IO_THREAD;

3、确认半同步功能已经启用

master> CREATE DATABASE magedudb;
master> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx';

slave> SHOW DATABASES;

三、MySQL Proxy

1、源码安装时，MySQL proxy的依赖关系：

libevent 1.x or higher (1.3b or later is preferred).
lua 5.1.x or higher.
glib2 2.6.0 or higher.
pkg-config.
libtool 1.5 or higher.
MySQL 5.0.x or higher developer files.

2、安装

# tar zxf mysql-proxy-0.8.2.tar.gz
# cd mysql-proxy-0.8.2
# ./configure
# make

# make check

如果管理员有密码，上面的步骤则需要使用如下格式进行：
# MYSQL_PASSWORD=root_pwd make check

# make install

默认情况下， mysql-proxy安装在/usr/local/sbin/mysql-proxy，而Lua示例脚本安装在/usr/local/share目录中。

3、配置指令

mysql proxy的各配置参数请参见官方文档，http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysql-proxy-configuration.html

使用rpm包在rhel6上安装mysql-proxy-0.8.2，其会提供配置文件及服务脚本，但没有提供读写分享的脚本。

/etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy文件用于定义mysql-proxy的启动参数。

ADMIN_USER – the user for the proxy's admin interface. You can leave the default admin user.
ADMIN_PASSWORD – the password for the admin user in clear text. Change the default password for better security.
ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT – the admin script in the Lua programming language. Without this script the admin interface cannot work. You can leave the default value.
PROXY_USER – the system user under which the proxy will work. By default it is mysql-proxy, and it's safe to leave it as is.
PROXY_OPTIONS – proxy options such as logging level, plugins, and Lua scripts to be loaded.

其中PROXY_OPTIONS是最常用的一个选项，用于定义mysql-proxy工作时的重要参数，例如：
PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon --log-level=info --log-use-syslog --plugins=proxy --plugins=admin --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.1.102:3306 --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.1.105:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/proxy/rw-splitting.lua"

四、安装配置mysql-proxy:

4.1 下载所需要的版本，这里的系统平台为rhel6.4 32位系统，因此就以mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit.tar.gz为例。

# tar xf mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# cd /usr/local
# ln -sv mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit mysql-proxy

添加代理用户
# useradd mysql-proxy

4.2 为mysql-proxy提供SysV服务脚本，内容如下所示

#!/bin/bash
#
# mysql-proxy This script starts and stops the mysql-proxy daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 78 30
# processname: mysql-proxy
# description: mysql-proxy is a proxy daemon for mysql

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

prog="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy"

# Source networking configuration.
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/network ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/network
fi

# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

# Set default mysql-proxy configuration.
ADMIN_USER="admin"
ADMIN_PASSWD="admin"
ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"
PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon"
PROXY_PID=/var/run/mysql-proxy.pid
PROXY_USER="mysql-proxy"

# Source mysql-proxy configuration.
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy
fi

RETVAL=0

start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $prog $PROXY_OPTIONS --pid-file=$PROXY_PID --log-level=debug --log-file=/var/log/mysql-proxy.log --proxy-address="$PROXY_ADDRESS" --user=$PROXY_USER --admin-username="$ADMIN_USER" --admin-lua-script="$ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT" --admin-password="$ADMIN_PASSWORD"
RETVAL=$?
echo
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy
fi
}

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $PROXY_PID -d 3 $prog
RETVAL=$?
echo
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy
rm -f $PROXY_PID
fi
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if status -p $PROXY_PIDFILE $prog >&/dev/null; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
status -p $PROXY_PID $prog
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|condrestart|try-restart}"
RETVAL=1
;;
esac

exit $RETVAL

将上述内容保存为/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql-proxy，给予执行权限，而后加入到服务列表。
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql-proxy
# chkconfig --add mysql-proxy

4.3 为服务脚本提供配置文件/etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy，内容如下所示：

# Options for mysql-proxy
ADMIN_USER="admin"
ADMIN_PASSWORD="admin"
ADMIN_ADDRESS=""
ADMIN_LUA_SCRIPT="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin.lua"
PROXY_ADDRESS=""
PROXY_USER="mysql-proxy"
PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon --log-level=info --log-use-syslog"

其中最后一行，需要按实际场景进行修改，例如：
PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon --log-level=info --log-use-syslog --plugins=proxy --plugins=admin --proxy-backend-addresses=172.16.100.6:3306 --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=172.16.100.7:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua"

其中的proxy-backend-addresses选项和proxy-read-only-backend-addresses选项均可重复使用多次，以实现指定多个读写服务器或只读服务器。

4.4 mysql-proxy的配置选项

mysql-proxy的配置选项大致可分为帮助选项、管理选项、代理选项及应用程序选项几类，下面一起去介绍它们。

--help
--help-admin
--help-proxy
--help-all ———— 以上四个选项均用于获取帮助信息；

--proxy-address=host:port ———— 代理服务监听的地址和端口；
--admin-address=host:port ———— 管理模块监听的地址和端口；
--proxy-backend-addresses=host:port ———— 后端mysql服务器的地址和端口；
--proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=host:port ———— 后端只读mysql服务器的地址和端口；
--proxy-lua-script=file_name ———— 完成mysql代理功能的Lua脚本；
--daemon ———— 以守护进程模式启动mysql-proxy；
--keepalive ———— 在mysql-proxy崩溃时尝试重启之；
--log-file=/path/to/log_file_name ———— 日志文件名称；
--log-level=level ———— 日志级别；
--log-use-syslog ———— 基于syslog记录日志；
--plugins=plugin,.. ———— 在mysql-proxy启动时加载的插件；
--user=user_name ———— 运行mysql-proxy进程的用户；
--defaults-file=/path/to/conf_file_name ———— 默认使用的配置文件路径；其配置段使用[mysql-proxy]标识；
--proxy-skip-profiling ———— 禁用profile；
--pid-file=/path/to/pid_file_name ———— 进程文件名；

5、复制如下内容建立admin.lua文件，将其保存至/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/目录中。

--[[ $%BEGINLICENSE%$
Copyright (c) 2007, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the
License.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
02110-1301 USA

$%ENDLICENSE%$ --]]

function set_error(errmsg)
proxy.response = {
type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_ERR,
errmsg = errmsg or "error"
}
end

function read_query(packet)
if packet:byte() ~= proxy.COM_QUERY then
set_error("[admin] we only handle text-based queries (COM_QUERY)")
return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
end

local query = packet:sub(2)

local rows = { }
local fields = { }

if query:lower() == "select * from backends" then
fields = {
{ name = "backend_ndx",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_LONG },

{ name = "address",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
{ name = "state",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
{ name = "type",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
{ name = "uuid",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
{ name = "connected_clients",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_LONG },
}

for i = 1, #proxy.global.backends do
local states = {
"unknown",
"up",
"down"
}
local types = {
"unknown",
"rw",
"ro"
}
local b = proxy.global.backends[i]

rows[#rows + 1] = {
i,
b.dst.name, -- configured backend address
states[b.state + 1], -- the C-id is pushed down starting at 0
types[b.type + 1], -- the C-id is pushed down starting at 0
b.uuid, -- the MySQL Server's UUID if it is managed
b.connected_clients -- currently connected clients
}
end
elseif query:lower() == "select * from help" then
fields = {
{ name = "command",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
{ name = "description",
type = proxy.MYSQL_TYPE_STRING },
}
rows[#rows + 1] = { "SELECT * FROM help", "shows this help" }
rows[#rows + 1] = { "SELECT * FROM backends", "lists the backends and their state" }
else
set_error("use 'SELECT * FROM help' to see the supported commands")
return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
end

proxy.response = {
type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_OK,
resultset = {
fields = fields,
rows = rows
}
}
return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
end

6、测试

6.1 管理功能测试

# mysql -uadmin -padmin -h172.16.100.107 --port=4041

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.0.99-agent-admin

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+-------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| backend_ndx | address | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |
+-------------+-------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| 1 | 172.16.100.6:3306 | up | rw | NULL | 0 |
| 2 | 172.16.100.7:3306 | up | ro | NULL | 0 |
+-------------+-------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6.2 读写分离测试

# mysql -uroot -pmagedu.com -h172.16.100.107 --port=4040

下面的读写分享脚本是由mysql-proxy-0.8.3提供了，将其复制保存为/usr/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/proxy/rw-splitting.lua，就可以启动服务了。

--[[ $%BEGINLICENSE%$
Copyright (c) 2007, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the
License.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
02110-1301 USA

$%ENDLICENSE%$ --]]

---
-- a flexible statement based load balancer with connection pooling
--
-- * build a connection pool of min_idle_connections for each backend and maintain
-- its size
-- *
--
--

local commands = require("proxy.commands")
local tokenizer = require("proxy.tokenizer")
local lb = require("proxy.balance")
local auto_config = require("proxy.auto-config")

--- config
--
-- connection pool
if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then
proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {
min_idle_connections = 4,
max_idle_connections = 8,

is_debug = false
}
end

---
-- read/write splitting sends all non-transactional SELECTs to the slaves
--
-- is_in_transaction tracks the state of the transactions
local is_in_transaction = false

-- if this was a SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS ... stay on the same connections
local is_in_select_calc_found_rows = false

---
-- get a connection to a backend
--
-- as long as we don't have enough connections in the pool, create new connections
--
function connect_server()
local is_debug = proxy.global.config.rwsplit.is_debug
-- make sure that we connect to each backend at least ones to
-- keep the connections to the servers alive
--
-- on read_query we can switch the backends again to another backend

if is_debug then
print()
print("[connect_server] " .. proxy.connection.client.src.name)
end

local rw_ndx = 0

-- init all backends
for i = 1, #proxy.global.backends do
local s = proxy.global.backends[i]
local pool = s.pool -- we don't have a username yet, try to find a connections which is idling
local cur_idle = pool.users[""].cur_idle_connections

pool.min_idle_connections = proxy.global.config.rwsplit.min_idle_connections
pool.max_idle_connections = proxy.global.config.rwsplit.max_idle_connections

if is_debug then
print(" [".. i .."].connected_clients = " .. s.connected_clients)
print(" [".. i .."].pool.cur_idle = " .. cur_idle)
print(" [".. i .."].pool.max_idle = " .. pool.max_idle_connections)
print(" [".. i .."].pool.min_idle = " .. pool.min_idle_connections)
print(" [".. i .."].type = " .. s.type)
print(" [".. i .."].state = " .. s.state)
end

-- prefer connections to the master
if s.type == proxy.BACKEND_TYPE_RW and
s.state ~= proxy.BACKEND_STATE_DOWN and
cur_idle < pool.min_idle_connections then
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = i
break
elseif s.type == proxy.BACKEND_TYPE_RO and
s.state ~= proxy.BACKEND_STATE_DOWN and
cur_idle < pool.min_idle_connections then
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = i
break
elseif s.type == proxy.BACKEND_TYPE_RW and
s.state ~= proxy.BACKEND_STATE_DOWN and
rw_ndx == 0 then
rw_ndx = i
end
end

if proxy.connection.backend_ndx == 0 then
if is_debug then
print(" [" .. rw_ndx .. "] taking master as default")
end
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = rw_ndx
end

-- pick a random backend
--
-- we someone have to skip DOWN backends

-- ok, did we got a backend ?

if proxy.connection.server then
if is_debug then
print(" using pooled connection from: " .. proxy.connection.backend_ndx)
end

-- stay with it
return proxy.PROXY_IGNORE_RESULT
end

if is_debug then
print(" [" .. proxy.connection.backend_ndx .. "] idle-conns below min-idle")
end

-- open a new connection
end

---
-- put the successfully authed connection into the connection pool
--
-- @param auth the context information for the auth
--
-- auth.packet is the packet
function read_auth_result( auth )
if is_debug then
print("[read_auth_result] " .. proxy.connection.client.src.name)
end
if auth.packet:byte() == proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_OK then
-- auth was fine, disconnect from the server
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = 0
elseif auth.packet:byte() == proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_EOF then
-- we received either a
--
-- * MYSQLD_PACKET_ERR and the auth failed or
-- * MYSQLD_PACKET_EOF which means a OLD PASSWORD (4.0) was sent
print("(read_auth_result) ... not ok yet");
elseif auth.packet:byte() == proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_ERR then
-- auth failed
end
end

---
-- read/write splitting
function read_query( packet )
local is_debug = proxy.global.config.rwsplit.is_debug
local cmd = commands.parse(packet)
local c = proxy.connection.client

local r = auto_config.handle(cmd)
if r then return r end

local tokens
local norm_query

-- looks like we have to forward this statement to a backend
if is_debug then
print("[read_query] " .. proxy.connection.client.src.name)
print(" current backend = " .. proxy.connection.backend_ndx)
print(" client default db = " .. c.default_db)
print(" client username = " .. c.username)
if cmd.type == proxy.COM_QUERY then
print(" query = " .. cmd.query)
end
end

if cmd.type == proxy.COM_QUIT then
-- don't send COM_QUIT to the backend. We manage the connection
-- in all aspects.
proxy.response = {
type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_OK,
}

if is_debug then
print(" (QUIT) current backend = " .. proxy.connection.backend_ndx)
end

return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
end

-- COM_BINLOG_DUMP packet can't be balanced
--
-- so we must send it always to the master
if cmd.type == proxy.COM_BINLOG_DUMP then
-- if we don't have a backend selected, let's pick the master
--
if proxy.connection.backend_ndx == 0 then
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = lb.idle_failsafe_rw()
end

return
end

proxy.queries:append(1, packet, { resultset_is_needed = true })

-- read/write splitting
--
-- send all non-transactional SELECTs to a slave
if not is_in_transaction and
cmd.type == proxy.COM_QUERY then
tokens = tokens or assert(tokenizer.tokenize(cmd.query))

local stmt = tokenizer.first_stmt_token(tokens)

if stmt.token_name == "TK_SQL_SELECT" then
is_in_select_calc_found_rows = false
local is_insert_id = false

for i = 1, #tokens do
local token = tokens[i]
-- SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS + FOUND_ROWS() have to be executed
-- on the same connection
-- print("token: " .. token.token_name)
-- print(" val: " .. token.text)

if not is_in_select_calc_found_rows and token.token_name == "TK_SQL_SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS" then
is_in_select_calc_found_rows = true
elseif not is_insert_id and token.token_name == "TK_LITERAL" then
local utext = token.text:upper()

if utext == "LAST_INSERT_ID" or
utext == "@@INSERT_ID" then
is_insert_id = true
end
end

-- we found the two special token, we can't find more
if is_insert_id and is_in_select_calc_found_rows then
break
end
end

-- if we ask for the last-insert-id we have to ask it on the original
-- connection
if not is_insert_id then
local backend_ndx = lb.idle_ro()

if backend_ndx > 0 then
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = backend_ndx
end
else
print(" found a SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID(), staying on the same backend")
end
end
end

-- no backend selected yet, pick a master
if proxy.connection.backend_ndx == 0 then
-- we don't have a backend right now
--
-- let's pick a master as a good default
--
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = lb.idle_failsafe_rw()
end

-- by now we should have a backend
--
-- in case the master is down, we have to close the client connections
-- otherwise we can go on
if proxy.connection.backend_ndx == 0 then
return proxy.PROXY_SEND_QUERY
end

local s = proxy.connection.server

-- if client and server db don't match, adjust the server-side
--
-- skip it if we send a INIT_DB anyway
if cmd.type ~= proxy.COM_INIT_DB and
c.default_db and c.default_db ~= s.default_db then
print(" server default db: " .. s.default_db)
print(" client default db: " .. c.default_db)
print(" syncronizing")
proxy.queries:prepend(2, string.char(proxy.COM_INIT_DB) .. c.default_db, { resultset_is_needed = true })
end

-- send to master
if is_debug then
if proxy.connection.backend_ndx > 0 then
local b = proxy.global.backends[proxy.connection.backend_ndx]
print(" sending to backend : " .. b.dst.name);
print(" is_slave : " .. tostring(b.type == proxy.BACKEND_TYPE_RO));
print(" server default db: " .. s.default_db)
print(" server username : " .. s.username)
end
print(" in_trans : " .. tostring(is_in_transaction))
print(" in_calc_found : " .. tostring(is_in_select_calc_found_rows))
print(" COM_QUERY : " .. tostring(cmd.type == proxy.COM_QUERY))
end

return proxy.PROXY_SEND_QUERY
end

---
-- as long as we are in a transaction keep the connection
-- otherwise release it so another client can use it
function read_query_result( inj )
local is_debug = proxy.global.config.rwsplit.is_debug
local res = assert(inj.resultset)
local flags = res.flags

if inj.id ~= 1 then
-- ignore the result of the USE <default_db>
-- the DB might not exist on the backend, what do do ?
--
if inj.id == 2 then
-- the injected INIT_DB failed as the slave doesn't have this DB
-- or doesn't have permissions to read from it
if res.query_status == proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_ERR then
proxy.queries:reset()

proxy.response = {
type = proxy.MYSQLD_PACKET_ERR,
errmsg = "can't change DB ".. proxy.connection.client.default_db ..
" to on slave " .. proxy.global.backends[proxy.connection.backend_ndx].dst.name
}

return proxy.PROXY_SEND_RESULT
end
end
return proxy.PROXY_IGNORE_RESULT
end

is_in_transaction = flags.in_trans
local have_last_insert_id = (res.insert_id and (res.insert_id > 0))

if not is_in_transaction and
not is_in_select_calc_found_rows and
not have_last_insert_id then
-- release the backend
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = 0
elseif is_debug then
print("(read_query_result) staying on the same backend")
print(" in_trans : " .. tostring(is_in_transaction))
print(" in_calc_found : " .. tostring(is_in_select_calc_found_rows))
print(" have_insert_id : " .. tostring(have_last_insert_id))
end
end

---
-- close the connections if we have enough connections in the pool
--
-- @return nil - close connection
-- IGNORE_RESULT - store connection in the pool
function disconnect_client()
local is_debug = proxy.global.config.rwsplit.is_debug
if is_debug then
print("[disconnect_client] " .. proxy.connection.client.src.name)
end

-- make sure we are disconnection from the connection
-- to move the connection into the pool
proxy.connection.backend_ndx = 0
end