C++学习笔记－－模板

// stacktp.h -- a stack template

#ifndef STACKTP_H_
#define STACKTP_H_
template <class Type>
class Stack
{
private:
	enum {MAX = 10};
	Type items[MAX];
	int top;	// index for top stack item
public:
	Stack();
	bool isempty();
	bool isfull();
	bool push(const Type & item);
	bool pop(Type & item);
};
template <class Type>
Stack<Type>::Stack()
{
	top = 0;
}
template <class Type>
bool Stack<Type>::isempty()
{
	return top == 0;
}
template <class Type>
bool Stack<Type>::isfull()
{
	return top == MAX;
}
template <class Type>
bool Stack<Type>::push(const Type & item)
{
	if (top < MAX)
	{
		items[top++] = item;
		return true;
	}
	else
		return false;
}
template <class Type>
bool Stack<Type>::pop(Type & item)
{
	if (top > 0)
	{
		item = items[--top];
		return true;
	}
	else
		return false;
}
#endif

// stacktem.cpp -- testing teh template stack class

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cctype>
#include "stacktp.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	Stack<string> st;
	char ch;
	string po;
	cout << "Please enter A to add a purchase order,\n"
		<< "P to process a PO, or Q to quit.\n";
	while (cin >> ch && toupper(ch) != 'Q')
	{
		while (cin.get() != '\n')
			continue;
		if (!isalpha(ch))
			continue;
		switch (ch)
		{
			case 'A':
			case 'a':
				cout << "Enter a PO number to add: ";
				cin >> po;
				if (st.isfull())
					cout << "stack already full\n";
				else
					st.push(po);
				break;
			case 'P':
			case 'p':
				if (st.isempty())
					cout << "stack already empty\n";
				else
				{
					st.pop(po);
					cout << "PO #" << po << " popped\n";
					break;
				}
		}
		cout << "Please enter A to add a purchase order,\n"
			<< "P to process a PO, or Q to quit.\n";
	}
	cout << "Bye\n";
	return 0;
}

输出:

wang@wang:~/c++$ ./a.out
Please enter A to add a purchase order,
P to process a PO, or Q to quit.
A  
Enter a PO number to add: red911porsche
Please enter A to add a purchase order,
P to process a PO, or Q to quit.
P
PO #red911porsche popped
Please enter A to add a purchase order,
P to process a PO, or Q to quit.
P
stack already empty
Please enter A to add a purchase order,
P to process a PO, or Q to quit.
Q
Bye