a与b交换

a与b交换

一、利用中间参数

1、采用引用方式(引用表示别名)

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//引用
my_swap(int &x,int &y)
{
    int tmp = x;
    x = y ;
    y = tmp;
}
int main()
{
    int a=3;
    int b=5;
    cout<<"before swap "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    my_swap(a,b);
    cout<<"after swap  "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    return 0;

}

result: before swap : 3 5
after swap : 5 3

2、传地址

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
my_swap1(int *x,int *y)
{
    int tmp = *x;
    *x = *y;
    *y = tmp;
}
int main()
{
    int a=3;
    int b=5;
    cout<<"before swap "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    my_swap1(&a,&b);    
    cout<<"after swap  "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    return 0;

}

result: before swap : 3 5
after swap : 5 3

二、不用中间参数,实现交换

方法一

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//两个值传过来，作差法
my_swap2(int &x,int &y)
{
    x=x+y;
    y=x-y;
    x=x-y;
}
int main()
{
    int a=3;
    int b=5;
    cout<<"before swap "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    my_swap2(a,b);
    cout<<"after swap  "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    return 0;

result: before swap : 3 5
after swap : 5 3

方法二

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//把值传过来，通过异或实现交换
my_swap3(int &x,int &y)
{
    x=x^y;
    y=x^y;
    x=x^y;
}

int main()
{
    int a=3;
    int b=5;
    cout<<"before swap "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    my_swap3(a,b);
    cout<<"after swap  "<<a<<"   "<<b<<endl;
    return 0;
}

result: before swap : 3 5
after swap : 5 3