Android 获取手机通讯录联系人信息

近日在项目开发过程中发现，华为手机HarmonyOS 3.0系统，设置>隐私 里面可以查看各个应用访问隐私权限的次数，发现应用程序访问手机通讯录的次数异常的高，针对访问通讯录频次高的问题做了研究和优化

问题分析：

分析代码发现只要通过ContentProvider 访问通讯录一次，统计次数就响应增加一次

ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);

代码中获取联系人头像、邮箱、号码、公司信息等都调用了query 方法，因此查询一个联系人的信息访问了多次通讯录，因此对获取联系人的方法做了改进，改进如下：

一、权限声明

AndroidManifest.xml文件中声明权限如下：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />    获取联系人权限
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />      文件读写权限

二、新建联系人信息类

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Create time 2023/3/8 16:56
 */
public class ContactsInfo {
    long contactId;      
    String displayName;
    String photoUri;
    String photoPath;
    //
    String firstName;
    String lastName;
    //
    String company;
    String department;
    String job;
    String jobDescription;
    //
    String emailAddress;
    String emailAddressDisplayName;
    String note;
    String nickName;
    String webUrl;
    String relationName;
    String protocol;
    String customProtocol;
    String identity;
    String namespace;
    String groupId;

    List<ContactsNumber> contactsNumbers;


    public long getContactId() {
        return contactId;
    }

    public void setContactId(long contactId) {
        this.contactId = contactId;
    }

    public String getDisplayName() {
        return displayName == null ? "" : displayName;
    }

    public void setDisplayName(String displayName) {
        this.displayName = displayName;
    }

    public String getPhotoUri() {
        return photoUri == null ? "" : photoUri;
    }

    public void setPhotoUri(String photoUri) {
        this.photoUri = photoUri;
    }

    public String getPhotoPath() {
        return photoPath == null ? "" : photoPath;
    }

    public void setPhotoPath(String photoPath) {
        this.photoPath = photoPath;
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName == null ? "" : firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName == null ? "" : lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getCompany() {
        return company == null ? "" : company;
    }

    public void setCompany(String company) {
        this.company = company;
    }

    public String getDepartment() {
        return department == null ? "" : department;
    }

    public void setDepartment(String department) {
        this.department = department;
    }

    public String getJob() {
        return job == null ? "" : job;
    }

    public void setJob(String job) {
        this.job = job;
    }

    public String getJobDescription() {
        return jobDescription == null ? "" : jobDescription;
    }

    public void setJobDescription(String jobDescription) {
        this.jobDescription = jobDescription;
    }

    public String getEmailAddress() {
        return emailAddress == null ? "" : emailAddress;
    }

    public void setEmailAddress(String emailAddress) {
        this.emailAddress = emailAddress;
    }

    public String getEmailAddressDisplayName() {
        return emailAddressDisplayName == null ? "" : emailAddressDisplayName;
    }

    public void setEmailAddressDisplayName(String emailAddressDisplayName) {
        this.emailAddressDisplayName = emailAddressDisplayName;
    }

    public String getNote() {
        return note == null ? "" : note;
    }

    public void setNote(String note) {
        this.note = note;
    }

    public String getNickName() {
        return nickName == null ? "" : nickName;
    }

    public void setNickName(String nickName) {
        this.nickName = nickName;
    }

    public String getWebUrl() {
        return webUrl == null ? "" : webUrl;
    }

    public void setWebUrl(String webUrl) {
        this.webUrl = webUrl;
    }

    public String getRelationName() {
        return relationName == null ? "" : relationName;
    }

    public void setRelationName(String relationName) {
        this.relationName = relationName;
    }

    public String getProtocol() {
        return protocol == null ? "" : protocol;
    }

    public void setProtocol(String protocol) {
        this.protocol = protocol;
    }

    public String getCustomProtocol() {
        return customProtocol == null ? "" : customProtocol;
    }

    public void setCustomProtocol(String customProtocol) {
        this.customProtocol = customProtocol;
    }

    public String getIdentity() {
        return identity == null ? "" : identity;
    }

    public void setIdentity(String identity) {
        this.identity = identity;
    }

    public String getNamespace() {
        return namespace == null ? "" : namespace;
    }

    public void setNamespace(String namespace) {
        this.namespace = namespace;
    }

    public String getGroupId() {
        return groupId == null ? "" : groupId;
    }

    public void setGroupId(String groupId) {
        this.groupId = groupId;
    }

    public List<ContactsNumber> getContactsNumbers() {
        if (contactsNumbers == null) {
            return new ArrayList<>();
        }
        return contactsNumbers;
    }

    public void setContactsNumbers(List<ContactsNumber> contactsNumbers) {
        this.contactsNumbers = contactsNumbers;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ContactsInfo{" +
                "contactId=" + contactId +
                ", displayName='" + displayName + '\'' +
                ", photoUri='" + photoUri + '\'' +
                ", photoPath='" + photoPath + '\'' +
                ", firstName='" + firstName + '\'' +
                ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", company='" + company + '\'' +
                ", department='" + department + '\'' +
                ", job='" + job + '\'' +
                ", jobDescription='" + jobDescription + '\'' +
                ", emailAddress='" + emailAddress + '\'' +
                ", emailAddressDisplayName='" + emailAddressDisplayName + '\'' +
                ", note='" + note + '\'' +
                ", nickName='" + nickName + '\'' +
                ", webUrl='" + webUrl + '\'' +
                ", relationName='" + relationName + '\'' +
                ", protocol='" + protocol + '\'' +
                ", customProtocol='" + customProtocol + '\'' +
                ", identity='" + identity + '\'' +
                ", namespace='" + namespace + '\'' +
                ", groupId='" + groupId + '\'' +
                ", contactsNumbers=" + contactsNumbers +
                '}';
    }

    public static class ContactsNumber {
        int numberType;
        String label;
        String number;

        public int getNumberType() {
            return numberType;
        }

        public void setNumberType(int numberType) {
            this.numberType = numberType;
        }

        public String getLabel() {
            return label == null ? "" : label;
        }

        public void setLabel(String label) {
            this.label = label;
        }

        public String getNumber() {
            return number == null ? "" : number;
        }

        public void setNumber(String number) {
            this.number = number;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "ContactsNumber{" +
                    "numberType=" + numberType +
                    ", label='" + label + '\'' +
                    ", number='" + number + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }
}

三、获取联系人信息

调用方法前先检查读取联系人权限 android.Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS，

如果要保存联系人头像到SD卡目录下还需检查文件读写权限 android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.util.Log;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Create time 2023/3/8 16:56
 */
public class ContactsLoadUtil {
    public static final String TAG = "ContactsLoadUtil";

    /**
     * 调用之前请检测读取联系人权限{@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_CONTACTS}
     * 如果要保存头像，请检测SD卡写入权限{@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}
     *
     * @param context Context
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void loadContacts(Context context) throws IOException {
        // 创建保存头像的文件目录
        File filesDir = context.getFilesDir();
        File photoDir = new File(filesDir, "photo");
        if (!photoDir.exists()) {
            boolean mkdirs = photoDir.mkdirs();
            Log.d(TAG, "mk photo dir: " + mkdirs);
        }
        Log.d(TAG, "photoDir path: " + photoDir.getAbsolutePath());
        // 存储联系人的Map
        Map<Long, ContactsInfo> contactsMap = new HashMap<>();
        // cursor
        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        do {
            // 查询联系人id
            long contactId = cursor.getLong(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID));
            // 查询联系人显示名 displayName
            String displayName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Data.DISPLAY_NAME));
            // 查询联系人头像Uri地址
            String photoUri = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Data.PHOTO_URI));
            // mimeType 类型
            String mimeType = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE));
//            Log.d(TAG, "mimeType: " + mimeType);

            ContactsInfo contacts = contactsMap.get(contactId);
            if (contacts == null) {
                contacts = new ContactsInfo();
                contactsMap.put(contactId, contacts);
            }

            contacts.setContactId(contactId);
            contacts.setDisplayName(displayName);
            contacts.setPhotoUri(photoUri);


            // vnd.android.cursor.item/photo 联系人头像
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Photo.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                byte[] blob = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Photo.PHOTO));
                // 将头像保存到data/data/packageName/files/photo/ 目录下
                if (blob != null) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "blob length: " + blob.length);
                    File file = new File(photoDir, contactId + ".jpg");
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
                    fos.write(blob);
                    fos.flush();
                    fos.close();
                    // 设置头像路径
                    Log.d(TAG, "photo path: " + file.getAbsolutePath());
                    contacts.setPhotoPath(file.getAbsolutePath());
                }
            }

            /**
             * 查询所有的号码
             * 手机号码 {@link ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone#TYPE_MOBILE}
             * 家庭号码 {@link ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone#TYPE_HOME}
             */
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                int numberType = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE));
                String label = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.LABEL));
                String number = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));

                // 添加号码
                ContactsInfo.ContactsNumber contactsNumber = new ContactsInfo.ContactsNumber();
                contactsNumber.setNumberType(numberType);
                contactsNumber.setNumber(number);
                contactsNumber.setLabel(label);
                contacts.getContactsNumbers().add(contactsNumber);
            }
            // 查询姓和名
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String firstName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME));
                String lastName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.FAMILY_NAME));

                contacts.setFirstName(firstName);
                contacts.setLastName(lastName);
            }
            // 公司信息
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String company = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.COMPANY));
                String department = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.DEPARTMENT));
                String job = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.TITLE));
                String jobDescription = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.JOB_DESCRIPTION));

                contacts.setCompany(company);
                contacts.setDepartment(department);
                contacts.setJob(job);
                contacts.setJobDescription(jobDescription);
            }
            // 邮箱信息
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String emailAddress = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.ADDRESS));
                String emailAddressDisplayName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DISPLAY_NAME));

                contacts.setEmailAddress(emailAddress);
                contacts.setEmailAddressDisplayName(emailAddressDisplayName);
            }
            // 备注信息
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String note = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.NOTE));

                contacts.setNote(note);
            }
            // 昵称
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Nickname.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String nickName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Nickname.NAME));

                contacts.setNickName(nickName);
            }
            // 网址链接
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Website.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String webUrl = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Website.URL));

                contacts.setWebUrl(webUrl);
            }
            // 亲属姓名
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Relation.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String relationName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Relation.NAME));

                contacts.setRelationName(relationName);
            }
            // im 协议
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Im.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String protocol = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Im.PROTOCOL));
                String customProtocol = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Im.CUSTOM_PROTOCOL));

                contacts.setProtocol(protocol);
                contacts.setCustomProtocol(customProtocol);
            }
            // 身份信息
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Identity.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String identity = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Identity.IDENTITY));
                String namespace = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Identity.NAMESPACE));

                contacts.setIdentity(identity);
                contacts.setNamespace(namespace);
            }
            // 群组信息
            if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimeType)) {
                String groupId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership.GROUP_ROW_ID));

                contacts.setGroupId(groupId);
            }
        } while (cursor.moveToNext());
        // 关闭cursor
        cursor.close();

        ArrayList<ContactsInfo> contactsList = new ArrayList<>(contactsMap.values());
        Log.d(TAG, "contactsList size: " + contactsList.size());
        for (ContactsInfo info : contactsList) {
            Log.d(TAG, "contacts info: " + info);
        }
    }
}

以上就是获取联系人信息的详细代码，如果大家还需要获取其他信息的话，可以查看Android SDK 源码，根据源码里面的注释去获取更多的信息。

以上代码实现仅供大家参考，希望对大家有所帮助