Base64是一种基于64个可打印字符来表示二进制数据的表示方法。其原理很简单,64=2^6,因此这64个可打印字符可以与0x00~0x3f一一对应。这样每个字节只用到了低6位,高两位为0.那么在原编码中3个字节(24位)可以用BASE64的四个字节表示。
Base64常用于在通常处理文本数据的场合,表示、传输、存储一些二进制数据。包括MIME的email,email via MIME,在XML中存储复杂数据.
其编解码简单实现如下:
public class BASE64Encoder {
private static char[] codec_table = { /* 编码表 */
'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I',
'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S',
'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c',
'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w',
'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6',
'7', '8', '9', '+', '/'
};
private static int[] decode_table = { /* 解码表 */
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, /*00-0f*/
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, /*10-1f*/
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, /*20-2f*/
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -2, -1, -1, /*30-3f*/
-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, /*40-4f*/
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, /*50-5f*/
-1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, /*60-6f*/
41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, /*70-7f*/
};
public BASE64Encoder(){
}
public String encode(byte[] a) {
int totalBits = a.length * 8;
int nn = totalBits % 6;
int curPos = 0; //Process bits
StringBuffer toReturn = new StringBuffer();
while (curPos < totalBits) {
int bytePos = curPos / 8;
switch (curPos % 8) {
case 0:
toReturn.append(codec_table[(a[bytePos] & 0xfc) >> 2]);
break;
case 2:
toReturn.append(codec_table[(a[bytePos] & 0x3f)]);
break;
case 4:
if (bytePos == a.length -1) {
toReturn.append(codec_table[((a[bytePos] & 0x0f) << 2) & 0x3f]);
}
else{
int pos = (((a[bytePos] & 0x0f) << 2 )| ((a[bytePos+1] & 0xc0) >> 6))&0x3f;
toReturn.append(codec_table[pos]);
}
break;
case 6:
if (bytePos == a.length -1) {
toReturn.append(codec_table[((a[bytePos] & 0x03) << 4) & 0x3f]);
}
else{
int pos = (((a[bytePos] & 0x03) << 4 )| ((a[bytePos+1] & 0xf0) >> 4))&0x3f;
toReturn.append(codec_table[pos]);
}
break;
default:
break;
}
curPos += 6;
}
if (nn ==2 ) {
toReturn.append("==");
}
else if (nn == 4) {
toReturn.append("=");
}
return toReturn.toString();
}
public byte[] decode(byte[] source) {
int length = source.length;
while (decode_table[source[length-1]]==-2) {
length--;
}
int size = length*6/8;
byte[] result = new byte[size];
for (int i = 0, j =0; i < length; i+=4, j+=3) {
result[j]=(byte) ((decode_table[source[i]]<<2)|(decode_table[source[i+1]]>>4));
if (i < length - 2) {
result[j+1]=(byte) ((decode_table[source[i+1]]<<4)|(decode_table[source[i+2]]>>2));
}
if (i < length - 3) {
result[j+2]=(byte)((decode_table[source[i+2]]<<6)|(decode_table[source[i+3]]));
}
}
return result;
}
}